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Okul öncesi dönem, çocukların gelişen bilişsel, sosyal, fiziksel ve duygusal becerileri sayesinde çevreyi tanımaya başladıkları ve temel yaşamsal beceriler kazandıkları bir dönemdir. Çocuğun kendini tanımaya ve çevreyi kontrol etmeye çalıştığı bu dönemde zaman zaman psikopatolojik sonuçlar ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Bu dönemde yaşanan problemlerin tedavi aşamalarına, çocuğun en önemli uğraşı olan oyunun eklenmesiyle oyun terapilerinin giderek yaygınlık kazanmaya başladığı görülmektedir. Oyun terapileri, çocukların psiko-sosyal problemlerinin oyunun iyileştirici gücü kullanılarak tedavi edildiği bir terapi yöntemi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bebek, çocuk, ergen gibi farklı yaş gruplarında uygulanabilen oyun terapilerinin en sık tercih edildiği yaş grubu 3-12 yaş aralığıdır. İçinde bulunulan gelişim dönemleri dikkate alınarak hazırlanan oyun terapisi teknikleriyle, çocukların problem çözme becerilerinin geliştirilmesi ve psikolojik iyilik hallerine ulaşmaları amaçlanmaktadır. Oyun terapileri, birçok psikolojik bozukluğun tedavisinde kullanılmaktadır. Mevcut derleme makalesinde okul öncesi dönemde sık görülen depresyon, dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu, çocukluk çağı travmaları, kaygı bozuklukları, davranış bozuklukları, otizm ve öğrenme güçlüğü gibi bozukluklar üzerinde oyun terapisinin etkililiği değerlendirilmiş, başta davranış bozuklukları ve depresyon olmak üzere incelenen bütün bozuklukların tedavisinde etkili olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
The pre-school period is a period where children begin to recognize the environment and gain basic living skills thanks to their developing cognitive, social, physical and emotional skills. During this period when the child tries to recognize himself and control the environment, psychopathological consequences can occur from time to time. In the treatment stages of the problems experienced during this period, it seems that with the addition of the game, the child’s most important task, game therapies are getting more and more popular. Game therapies are defined as a therapeutic method where children's psychosocial problems are treated using the healing power of the game. The most popular age group of gaming therapies that can be applied in different age groups such as babies, children, adolescents is the age range of 3-12 years. With the game therapy techniques prepared taking into account the developing periods, the aim is to develop the children’s problem-solving skills and reach their psychological well-being. Game therapies are used in the treatment of many psychological disorders. The current editing article assessed the effectiveness of game therapy on disorders such as pre-school depression, attention deficiency hyperactivity disorder, childhood trauma, anxiety disorders, behavioral disorders, autism and learning difficulties, and concluded that it was effective in the treatment of all disorders studied, primarily behavioral disorders and depression.
Preschool period is a period when children start to get to know the environment and gain basic vital skills thanks to their developing cognitive, social, physical and emotional skills. During this period, when the child tries to get to know himself/herself and to control the environment, psychopathological results may occur from time to time. It is seen that the play therapies are getting more and more widespread with the addition of the game, which is the most important occupation of the child, to the treatment stages of the problems experienced in this period. Play therapies are defined as a therapy method in which children’s psychosocial problems are treated using the healing power of the game. The most preferred age group for play therapies that can be applied in different age groups such as baby, child, and adolescent is the 3-12 age range. Thus, it is aimed to improve the problem-solving skills of the children and to be reach their psychological well-being with the play therapy techniques prepared considering their current developmental periods. In addition to the above, play therapies are used in the treatment of many psychological disorders. In the current review article, the effectiveness of play therapy on disorders such as depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, childhood period traumas, anxiety disorders, behavioral disorders, autism and learning disability that are common in pre-school period were evaluated in the pre-school period, and then it was concluded that play therapy was effective in the treatment of all disorders examined, especially behavioral disorders and depression.
Alan : Sağlık Bilimleri
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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