Özet:

The crop (Triticum spp.The biotic and abiotic stress factors encountered during the production of arpa (Hordeum vulgare) and nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) can cause significant economic performance and quality losses. Puccinia striiformis (Puccinia striiformis f.sp. Tritici ), Tilletia (Tilletia foetida and Tilletia caries) and Rastık (Ustilago tritici), Arpada; Arpa leaf leaf leaf (Rhynchosporium secalis), Arpa linear leaf leaf leaf (Pyrenophora gramineum), Nohutta; Antraknosis (Ascochyta rabiei) diseases are highlighted in the Middle Anadolu conditions as biotic stress factors. In the control of these diseases, chemical applications are often preferred by manufacturers, because they are easy to apply and quickly reach the target. Even if the chemicals are used as recommended, the increase in production costs, the limitation of the use of organic production, which has made serious investments and has become a major market, may, more importantly, cause problems with the negative effects on the environment/plants. The remains or newly formed compounds resulting from chemical applications can affect the biological environment, break the balances, and even enter the nutritional chain and create toxic effects even in humans. In the use of public resources, the creation of a certain cost to eliminate the negative effects that may occur in human and environmental health is also a significant disadvantage. Genetic resistance in the fight against diseases, taking into account all these disadvantages, is an alternative approach as an appropriate, cheap and practical control method that can be used by manufacturers. This article was created using the training notes given to participants in the fields of plant diseases and resistance hydration during the Education of the Agricultural Publishing Development Project (TARGEL) held on 17-21 September 2007. During the writing phase, Dr. Written by Hussein AKTAŞ in 2001 and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Agricultural Research General Directorate Plant Health Research Department, published as 80 pages by the President of the Republic of Hussein AKTAŞ, has been taken advantage of the Library of Important Diseases and Survey Methods and the relevant sections of the Technical Guidelines for Zirai Fighting.