Özet:

By the 18th century, the most important goal of the Russian Empire in its eastern policy was to dominate the Turkestan region. Especially during the reign of Peter I, the Russians began to engage in various diplomatic, commercial and partially military activities to achieve this goal. Transoxiana was the focal point of the activities of the Russian Empire on the Turkestan region. The most important reason for Russia's sensitivity towards the region was that the powerful states in the Turkestan field were formed from Transoxiana. The Emirate of Bukhara was one of the most powerful states in the region due to its geopolitical and geostrategic importance. The Russian authorities attached great importance to their relations with the Emirate of Bukhara in order to determine their strategy in the Transoxiana area. It was necessary to know the situation of the Emirate of Bukhara well in order to determine the Russian policies in the Transoxiana region. Until the first half of the 19th century, the Russians failed to establish political and commercial dominance over Transoxiana. The victory of the Russian Empire, especially from the struggle with France, gave the empire a great political and military maneuvering opportunity. The struggle of political structures in the Transoxiana region was also attracting the attention of the Russian Empire. The Russians did not want the British policy to be active in the Turkestan field. One of the greatest aims of the empire was to expand its political, economic and military influence towards the British colonies. For this purpose, people who know the Transoxiana area well were asked to immediately report the administrative and political situation of the emirate to the Russian authorities. This was the only way for the Russians to dominate the Turkestan area against the British. For this purpose, it was important to neutralize the Ottoman and Qajar states, which had relations to the region. The first aim of the institutions that determined the Russian occupation strategy was to analyze the political and administrative structure of the region in depth. For this reason, the Russian administrative authorities chose people who could know the region well. These were Russian experts such as Nikolay Vladimirovich Hanikov, Nikolay Pavlovich Ignatiev, Nikolay Gavrilovich Zalesov. Ignatiev and Zalesov worked together on the same task force. Hanikov was in the emirate just before these two Russian experts. He managed to convey many up-to-date information about the region to the Russian authorities. Hanikov, Ignatiev and Zalesov carried out the tasks assigned to them in the Transoxiana field in the best way possible. They were well-educated people who knew Turkish customs and had good communication skills with Turkish communities. They had important analytical skills, especially in political and administrative matters. This allowed them to analyze the area accurately. The Russian Imperial authorities attached great importance to their views on the region. These informations were utilized to the maximum extent in determining and shaping Russia's Transoxiana policy. The opinions of Russian experts who went to the Transoxiana region are important information obtained through fieldwork. It is noteworthy that the information given by Russian experts about the Transoxiana region and accordingly the Bukhara Emirate independently of each other is consistent. Important information has been reached about the political and administrative structures of the 19. century Transoxiana region. This information provided by Russian experts will enable us to better understand the Bukhara Emirate before the invasion.

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