Özet:

The aim of the work. Introduce to culture in vitro Delphinium elatum L., investigate the effect of phytohormones on plant cell growth processes, determine optimal conditions of cultivation in vitro. Obtain extracts of biomass and plant materials of D. elatum, conduct a comparative study of biologically active compounds, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Materials and Methods. Cultivation of D. elatum was performed on a modified Murashige and Skoog culture medium. Extracts were obtained by maceration method, as extractant used ethanol solutions in concentrations of 20, 40, 70 and 90 %. The total phenolic content was determined by spectrophotometric method using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, the total flavonoid content – by colorimetric method with aluminium chloride. Antimicrobial activity was investigated on standard and clinical strains of microorganisms by diffusion in agar, antioxidant activity – by spectrophotometric method by interaction with stable chromogen radical 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. Results and Discussion. The optimal stratification scheme of D. elatum seeds with the highest yield of aseptic explants was selected: consecutive mechanical treatment, wetting with cold sterile water, refrigerator ageing, treatment with 70% ethanol, sodium hypochlorite and sterilized bidistilled water. The composition of the Murashige and Skoog culture medium, supplemented with phytohormones BAP and 2,4-D, where the highest specific growth rates and the shortest time of doubling the biomass of calluses were observed, was determined. The callus mass was obtained after 35 days of cultivation. The total phenolic and flavonoids contents of D. elatum extracts were studied. It was determined that extracts of both callus biomass and plant material obtained with 40 % ethanol solution contain the highest number of phenolic compounds and flavonoids. Antimicrobial and antifungal activity of D. elatum extracts in relation to standard and clinical strains of some microorganisms was investigated. It was determined that maximum activity was shown by D. elatum extracts obtained with 40 % and 70 % ethanol solutions. Conslusions. As a result of the research it was established that the D. elatum callus biomass in terms of content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids and pharmacological activity is not inferior to vegetable raw materials and can be used as an equivalent medicinal raw material.

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