Özet:

The conducted research revealed the possibility to manufacture heat- and soundproofing materials for the arrangement of buildings. Wood fibers, which are produced in the form of flat panels, are the raw materials for their production. The mechanisms for the process of heat- and soundproofing during energy transfer through the material, which enables influencing this process, were established. It was proved that they are related to the porosity of the material. Thus, at a decrease in volume weight of the material, thermal conductivity and sound transmission are reduced, and vice versa. In addition, heat- and soundproofing building materials from wood should meet the following requirements: to have stable thermal insulation and acoustic indicators within the whole operation period and to be fire resistant, not to give off hazardous substances into the environment. Experimental research proved that the material based on wood wool and inorganic binder at the ratio of 1:1 belongs to combustible materials, because there was its smoldering during the temperature exposure. Thus, under thermal exposure for 90 seconds, the sample caught fire, the flame propagated around the first three zones within 41 s. At the same time, an increase in the amount of the binder on inorganic base and application of organic-mineral binder does not lead to the ignition of material, the maximum temperature of flue gases made up around 120 °C and flammability index amounted to 0. This became possible due to the decomposition of fire retardants under the influence of temperature with emitting non-combustible gases, inhibiting the processes of material oxidation and significantly increasing the formation of the heat protective layer of coke on the surface of the material. This leads to inhibition of heat transfer of high-temperature flame to the material. This made it possible to determine the conditions for fire-resistance of the material through the formation of a thermal conductivity barrier. This makes it possible to argue about the relevance of the detected mechanism of formation of properties of the material based on wood wool and inorganic or organic-mineral binder, as well as practical attractiveness of the proposed technological solutions. The latter, in particular, relate to determining the amount of the binder component (the ratio of wood wool to the binder is not less than 1:2), because in small quantities (ratio 1:1), the burning process occurs. Thus, there are the grounds to argue about the possibility of directional regulation of the processes of formation of heat- and soundproofing wood materials through the use of wood wool and the binder. In this case, it was proposed to use the inorganic and organic-mineral coatings as a binder, which can form a fireproofing film at the surface of the material. Author Biographies Yuriy Tsapko, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine Heroiv Oborony str., 15, Kyiv, Ukraine, 03041 Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture Povitroflotsky ave., 31, Kyiv, Ukraine, 03037 Doctor of Technical Sciences V. D. Glukhovsky Scientific Research Institute for Binders and Materials

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