Özet:

Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt and Lauterer (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is a significant harmful in many parts of the world, causing economic losses in nuts trees. In this study, the damage has been monitored by the development of the population in the gardens of the Antep beans (Siirt variety) in the Siirt Center, Tillo and Eruh districts in 2017-2018 years. The randomly taken leaf samples, the yellow adhesive hole and the Steiner hole in the samplings of the damages of the nimf, the adult and the natural enemies of the populations of the sampling gardens showed almost the same fluctuations every two years and were most intense in the garden in the center of the Siirt lake. The population intensity of the damage has reached the highest levels in all three gardens from spring to August, while in the period of September-October, when the weather began to cool, it has shown an excessive increase in the short time. In leaf samples, the nimf intensity of the damage in September (2018) reached an average of 188 nimf/flat levels, while the adult population intensity captured by yellow liquefied flies reached an average of 15,000 people on October 11, 2018. In the samples it was found that the hunting and parasitic intensities also showed a parallel change to the harmful intensity. Psyllaephagus sp. With 13 individuals on October 5, 2017, the Coccinellid species were found at the highest levels in the garden in Siirt on September 13, 2018 with the most intense of 154 individuals. The two-year study found that climate factors (heat and rain) influenced the intensity of harmful species and natural enemies. The development of effective combat programs (integrated harmful management) in the cattle gardens requires the continuous monitoring of the population intensity of harmful species and natural enemies.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Özet:

Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt and Lauterer (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is widespread in many parts of the world and is an important pest that causes economic losses in pistachio trees. In this study, the population development of pistachio (Siirt variety) orchards in the province of Siirt and Tillo and Eruh districts in 2017-2018 was monitored. By using random leaf samplings, yellow sticky traps and Steiner funnel sampling, it was determined that the populations of nymphs, adults and natural enemies showed almost similar fluctuations in all sampling gardens in both years and were mostly located in the garden in Siirt province. While the population density of the pest was very low in all three orchards from spring to August, it reached the highest levels in the September-October period, when the weather started to cool down, in a short period of time. In leaf sampling, the pest's nymph density reached an average of 188 nymphs/leaf level in September (2018), and the adult population, which were caught yellow sticky traps, reached an average of 15000 individuals on 11 October 2018. It was determined that predator and parasitoid densities also showed a parallel fluctuation with the pest densities. Parasitoid Psyllaephagus sp. on October 5 (2017) with 13 individuals found the highest levels while the coccinellid species were found at the highest level with 154 individuals on September 13 (2018) in the garden in Siirt province. As a result of the two-year study, it was determined that climate factors (temperature and humidity) were quite effective on the density of the pest species and natural enemies. In order to develop effective control programs (integrated pest management) in Siirt pistachio orchards, the population density of the pest species and their natural enemies must be constantly monitored.