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İtilaf Devletleri arasında I. Dünya Savaşı sürecinde kapalı kapılar arkasında yapılan paylaşımlar, ittifaklar, antlaşmalar, savaş sonrasında başlayan Paris Barış Konferansı’nda bu kez daha açık olarak ve yeni bir boyut kazanarak devam etmiş, alınan bazı kararlar daha büyük çatışmalara, insanlık tarihine geçecek katliamlara, ıstıraplara yol açmıştır. Günümüzden tam yüz yıl önce Paris’te İngiltere, Fransa ve ABD’den oluşan Üçler Konseyi’nin aldığı İzmir’in Yunanlarca işgal kararı da bu tür gelişmelerden biri olup binlerce masum İzmirli Türk’ün katledilmesine yol açmıştır. Mondros Mütarekesi’nin 7. Maddesi gerekçe gösterilerek yapılan bu işgal kurtuluş ümidini barış konferansının vereceği kararda gören Osmanlı hükümetinde dahi şok etkisi yapmıştı. İşgal, günlerdir endişe içerisinde olmasına rağmen hükümetin teskin edici haberlerinin etkisinde olan Türk kamuoyunda büyük bir üzüntü ve öfke yaratmıştır. Gazeteler işgali sıkı sansüre rağmen sert bir dille eleştiren başlık ve yorumlarla bütün halka duyurmuşlardır. Bu makalede ise İstanbul basınının önde gelen gazetelerinde yer alan İzmir’in işgali ile ilgili çarpıcı başlıklarla verilen ilk haberler, kamuoyundaki etkileri, hükümetin tepkisi, İstanbul başta olmak üzere ülkenin dört bir yanında düzenlenen protesto mitinglerinden yansımalar, yerel yönetime, hükümete, İtilaf devletlerine yönelik eleştiriler, bölgedeki Türk nüfusu hakkında bilgiler, Wilson Prensiplerine göndermeler ve yorumlar yer almaktadır.
The divisions behind the closed doors during the First World War, the alliances, the treaties, the Paris Peace Conference, which began after the war, continued this time more openly and gained a new dimension, some of the decisions taken led to greater conflicts, to massacres, to suffering, to the history of mankind. The Greek occupation of Izmir, which was taken by the Three Council of Britain, France and the United States in Paris a hundred years ago, was one of these developments and led to the murder of thousands of innocent Izmir Turks. The Mondros 7th. It was also a shock in the Ottoman government, which saw the hope of this occupational liberation in the decision that the peace conference would give. The occupation, despite being worried for days, has caused great distress and anger in the Turkish public, which was influenced by the government’s encouraging news. The newspapers, despite the strict censorship of the occupation, have announced all the public with heavily criticized titles and comments. This article includes the first news with impressive titles related to the occupation of İzmir, the public effects, the government’s reaction, the reflections of the protests held across the country, including Istanbul, the local government, the government, the criticism of the opposition states, information about the Turkish population in the region, the Wilson Principles and comments.
The shares, alliances and agreements that had been made by the Entente States behind the closed doors during the World War I have continued in the process of the Paris Peace Conference, which started after the war; moreover this time more openly and within new dimensions, and some of the decisions taken at the conference, led to larger conflicts, suffering and massacres which go down in human history. The decision about the occupation of Izmir by Greece, which was taken by the Council of Three (which were consisted of France, Great Britain and the United States), exactly one hundred years ago, is an example of these agreements and this decision led to the murder of thousands of innocent Turks who lived in Izmir. This occupation, which was made on the grounds of Article 7 of the Armistice of Mudros, had shocked even the Ottoman government that sees the hope of salvation in the decision of the Peace Conference. The occupation created a great sadness and anger in the Turkish public opinion, who were under the influence of the calming news from the government. Despite the strict censorship, the newspapers have made harsh criticisms and comments about the occupation and announced the occupation to the public. In this paper, the remarkable titles of the first news about the occupation of Izmir, that take place in the leading newspapers of Istanbul press, their impact on the public opinion; the reaction of the government; the reflections of the countrywide indignation meetings, particularly in Istanbul; the criticisms toward local administrations, central government and Entente States; information on the Turkish population in the region are examined by making specific references to Wilson Principles.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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