Özet:

Utilization of priceless raw materials for biodiesel (BD) production is an essential target to reduce its production cost. Therefore, this work inspects the exploitation of a non-conventional feedstock, namely a mixture of non-edible oils (40% castor bean oil+ 30% bitter almond oil, and 30% waste fish oil w/w) in the production of ethylic biodiesel (EBD) and methylic/ethylic biodiesel (MEBD) through KOH-catalyzed transesterification reaction with ethanol and mixed methanol/ethanol, respectively. Effect of alcoholysis variables, such as alcohol/oil molar ratio, reaction period, reaction temperature and KOH amount, were examined. The alcoholysis outcomes revealed that the kind of implemented alcohol affected the optimum conversion of the oils mixture to BD. The maximum yield of FAMEE (96.33± 1.0 %) was attained at 0.75 wt.% KOH,6/1 alcohol/oils blend molar ratio, 45 minutes, and 55ºC reaction temperature, while the best FAEE yield (95.11 % ± 2.50%) was obtained at 1.0 %wt.KOH,7/1 ethanol/oils blend molar ratio, 65ºC, and a reaction time of 60 minutes. The fuel properties of the prepared fuels were assessed and discussed following ASTM D 6751 specifications. The results also exhibited that properties of FAMEE and FAEE were much better than those of BD from castor bean oil, suggesting their suitability as realistic alternative fuels to diesel fuel. 1H NMR and FTIR techniques affirmed the transformation of the oils blend to BD. Pseudo-first-order kinetics was obeyed on the alcoholysis of the said mixed oils.

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