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Amaç: Yönetim Bilişim Sistemleri (YBS) alanında başarılı mezunların tanımlanabilmesi için işletmeler tarafından işe alım sürecinde aranan yetkinlikleri nicel araştırma yöntemi ile belirlemektir. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda bölüm profillerinin ve eğitim programlarının sektörle uyumlu hale gelmesi, bu alandan mezun olan bireylerin istihdam olanaklarına katkı sağlanması hedeflenmektedir. Yöntem: Çalışmada nicel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmış olup, YBS bölümünden mezun olmuş ve sektör çalışanı 272 mezuna anket uygulanmıştır. Katılımcılar sahip oldukları yetkinlik düzeylerini 5’li likert tipi ölçek yapısında değerlendirmiştir. Yapılan anket sonucu değerlendirilen 53 ifadenin faktör yapısını incelemek için yapılan faktör analizi sonucunda yetkinlikler sosyal yetkinlik, yönetsel yetkinlik, temel teknik yetkinlik ve temel yetkinlik olmak üzere dört kategoride değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmada elde edilen bulguların analizi sonucunda mezunların sahip oldukları kişisel ve kişilerarası yetkinliklerini kapsayan sosyal yetkinlik düzeyleri diğer sahip oldukları yetkinliklerin ortalamalarından yüksek çıkmıştır. Yetkinlik ifadelerinden en önemli üç ifadenin sosyal yetkinlik türünde 1) kendisine verilen görevleri yerine getirme, 2) yeni beceri ve kavramları öğrenme, 3) başkalarını dinlemek olduğu görülmektedir. Hipotez testleri sonucunda mezunların sahip oldukları teknik yetkinliklerinin cinsiyet değişkenine, mevcut iş pozisyonlarında terfi etmelerine, sektör deneyim sürelerine, gelir seviyelerine göre anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaştığı görülmüştür. Yönetsel yetkinlik düzeylerinin lisans ve yüksek lisans eğitim seviyelerine göre farklılık gösterdiği ve iş pozisyonunda terfi alanların yönetsel yetkinlik türünde daha yüksek ortalamaya sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Mezunların gelir seviyeleri ve deneyimleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu görülmüş, staj deneyimine sahip olmalarının ve gelir seviyelerinin herhangi bir yetkinlik türü için farklılık göstermediği görülmüştür. Sonuç: Araştırmada yer alan bu dört yetkinlik türünün katılımcılar tarafından derecelendirilmesi sonucu hesaplanan ortalamalardan en yükseğinin sosyal yetkinlik türüne ait olduğu, ikinci sırada yönetsel yetkinlik, üçüncü olarak temel teknik yetkinlik ve son olarak teknik yetkinlik türü olduğu görülmüştür. Mezunların demografik özelliklerinin değişkenlik gösterdiği göz önünde bulundurulursa sosyal yetkinlikler YBS bölümü mezunlarının istihdam edilebilmesi için sahip olunması gereken en temel yetkinlik olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Her ne kadar Türkiye’deki diğer bölümlere kıyasla daha az mezun vermiş ve yeni bir bölüm olsa da sektörde farklılaşmak için teknik yetkinlik gerektiren konularda öğrenmeyi öğrenme bilincinde kendilerini yetkin hale getirmeleri gerekmektedir. Eğitim programlarının müfredatlarında da bu teknik konulara yer verilmeli ve eğitim müfredatları sosyal ve yönetsel yetkinlikleri destekleyici dersler ile dengeli bir şekilde planlanmalıdır.
Purpose: Management Information Systems (YBS) is to determine the competencies that enterprises seek in the recruitment process to identify successful graduates by quantum research method. According to the findings obtained from the research, the purpose of the department’s profiles and training programmes to become compatible with the industry is to contribute to the employment opportunities of individuals who graduate from this field. Method: Quantitative research method was used in the study, graduated from the YBS department, and 272 graduates of the industry staff were surveyed. Participants assessed their level of competence in the 5 likert type scale structure. The results of the survey assessed the factor structure of 53 statements and the results of the factor analysis were assessed in four categories: social competence, management competence, basic technical competence and basic competence. Results: As a result of the analysis of the findings obtained in the study, the social competence levels covering the personal and interpersonal competences that graduates possess were higher than the average of the other competences they possess. The three most important expressions of competence appear to be in the type of social competence: 1) fulfilling the tasks given to him, 2) learning new skills and concepts, 3) listening to others. The hypothesis tests have shown that graduates have a significant difference in their technical skills, in terms of gender variable, their advancement in current job positions, industry experience periods, income levels. The level of managerial competence has been shown to vary according to the level of bachelor and master’s education, and the fields promoted in a job position have a higher average in the type of managerial competence. It has been shown that there is a meaningful relationship between graduate income levels and their experience, that they have internship experience and that their income levels do not differ for any type of qualification. Result: The study found that the highest of the average calculated by the participants is the type of social competence, the second is the management competence, the third is the basic technical competence, and the last is the type of technical competence. Given the variable demographic characteristics of graduates, social qualifications are considered to be the most basic qualifications that graduates of the YBS department need to have to be employed. Although they have less graduated than other departments in Turkey and a new department, they need to make themselves skilled in the consciousness of learning in topics that require technical competence to differentiate in the sector. The curriculum of the educational programs should also include these technical subjects and the curriculum should be balanced with the courses that support social and administrative competencies.
At the present time, choosing, educating and maintaining a qualified human resource is a critical element facing organizations. Organization managers, make an objective and accurate assessment of human resources selection in order to make their organizations more efficient and creative and for this they have to evaluate the candidates' knowledge, skills and competencies. Working life and opportunities are changing day by day and different occupations and job positions are emerging. Graduates with different qualifications and competencies are requested in the job positions. This situation requires more responsibility and necessity to having qualified and competency to graduates. Presently, policies towards shaping education according to the economy are gaining momentum throughout the world. This change has become a requirement with the change of technology, and it is pointed out that the new technologies require new knowledge and skills, and education update to meet these requirements. There is a new industrial revolution that is defined by concepts such as factories, cyber systems and the internet of objects that work with smart systems. With this revolution, it is emphasized that the business processes, the qualifications of the labor force, the production processes will change and the education must change in this direction (Buyruk, 2018). One of the main goals of universities is to prepare graduates for the business world. Achieving this goal successfully is challenging in all areas, but it seems more difficult for areas such as information systems (IS), information technology (IT), computer science (CS) and management information systems (MIS). Developing technologies and computer systems, it is part of the ever growing IT sector. The constantly evolving sector has variable structure, this situation leads to different business needs. As the field changes and evolves quickly, it is important for graduates to keep the faculty information update. It is important to determine not only the new positions needed, but also the specific tasks and responsibilities needed for each of these new positions. This also requires educators to regularly change and update their curricula and course contents, so that graduates have the knowledge, skills and competencies they need to perform their tasks in business areas (Davis and Woodward, 2006:11). Today, knowledge, skills and competencies enable the diversification of career opportunities to individuals who need to creating new business lines or specialization in different fields (Sönger, 2018: 10). The competence approach is implemented in many management areas such as management skills and human resources management. Managers are expected to improve their competencies in order to be efficient, human resource managers write and define job descriptions and fulfill recruitment and selection procedures by enumerating and assessing the competencies of future employees. Training and development needs are determined on the competencies required for doing the job (Vokić and Rimac, 2012: 713). For the purpose of qualified, differentiating in working life, providing guidance to academic leaders who design curriculum and creating foresight for recruiting managers, this study will contribute to the literature in terms of the knowledge, skills and competencies of who graduated from Management Information Systems. The study population consists of individuals who have graduated from the department of MIS of universities in Turkey. Within the scope of the research, online questionnaire applied to 272 people who have graduated from the MIS field and have experienced the recruitment processes in the business area, tested the processes related to the business area and have the experience to analyze the current need. Within the scope of the study, the competencies that MIS graduates should have are covered in four groups. These are soft competency, managerial competency, core technical competency and technical competency. Soft competence refers to communication competencies consisting of personal and interpersonal competence. Interpersonal competences are the core competencies of the individual and help to solve problems (National Research Council, 2011: 63). Soft competency are qualities that characterize a person's relationships with others. Some researchers state that interpersonal competences are the most important competence at all levels of work (Sheikh, 2009; Smith, 2007). Managerial competency refers to the competency of the function of organization and its management levels. Organizational competency expresses the knowledge and skills to manage individual tasks and execution activities in the workflow. Core technical competency is generally considered to be the core of the IT profession. The core technical competencies provide the ground for entry into the business area. Core technical competencies, programming, testing, operating systems and database design, data mining, system analysis, system design and project management are required for the development of more advanced capabilities. Core technical competencies are the basic requirement for working in a job position in the profession. Includes basic knowledge and skills related to the field and enables the development of higher level skills and competences. Core technical competencies include system analysis, system design and IT architecture / standards. Although it is important to have these competencies to enter the profession, the importance of core technical competences decreases as well as the individual's experience and duty in the profession (Gallagher et al., 2010). Technical competencies include the use of information systems software, project management tools, integrated environments for software development, software development methods, and data mining tools. While the core technical competency includes the knowledge and skills that lay the groundwork for the use of such software and tools, the technical competency is reduced to more specificity, and the business processes are integrated into the information systems of technology and include the skills of using the software. MIS is an interdisciplinary program that fills the gap between information technology (IT) and business fundamentals. As an academic field of study, MIS focuses on solving business problems and enhancing the organization's performance by designing and implementing information technology applications. Due to the interdisciplinary nature, the MIS program offers a wide range of curricula (Kroenke and Boyle, 2015). As a result of the studies and analyzes, the competencies that the MIS graduates should have are examined in four categories. It is seen that the highest of the averages calculated as a result of the rating of these four competency types included in the study belong to the soft competency type. When the averages are ranked from the largest to the smallest, there are managerial competency in the second place, the core technical competency in the third place and the last technical competence type. Although these results seem to show that soft competencies are more important than technical competencies, there are at least two reasons for using these results as a reason to indicate the importance of technical competencies in MIS programs. First, the standard deviations of all of the technical competencies evaluated in this study were calculated higher than other competence types and as a result of hypothesis testing, technical competences differed significantly with more variables than soft competencies. Second, it tends to be complementary to the importance of competencies assessed in the type of soft competency, such as personal and interpersonal. Participants are likely to see all competencies in personal and interpersonal categories as important for their career success.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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