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43
İndirme
8
Bosna Hersek tarih boyunca Roma İmparatorluğu, Bizanslılar, Hun Türkleri, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu gibi pek çok medeniyete ev sahipliği yapmıştır. Osmanlı Devleti’nin 1463 yılında bu coğrafyaya gelmesiyle halk İslamiyet ile Türkçeyi ve Türk kültürünü benimsemiştir. Osmanlı hâkimiyetinden 1878 yılına kadar olan dönemde, birçok okulda Türkçe dersleri yer almıştır. Bu dönemde Türkçeye duyulan ilginin bir sonucu olarak sözlük çalışmaları da yapılmıştır. Zamanla Türkçe gazeteler çıkarılmış, Bosna edebiyatında Türkçeye yer verilmiş ve okullarda Türkçe okutulmaya başlanmıştır. Bosna Hersek’in Osmanlı idaresinden çıktığı süreçte de Türkçe kullanılmaya devam etmiştir. Yugoslavya döneminde Türkçenin hâkimiyeti devam etmiş, Türkçe eserler yazılmıştır. 116 Bosna Hersekli şair şiirlerini Türkçe yazmıştır, Bosna divan edebiyatı ortaya çıkmıştır. Sevdalinkalar, destanlar, fıkralar ve Karagöz-Hacivat gibi Bosna edebiyatı ürünlerinde de Türk Dili ve kültürünün etkisi görülmektedir. 1992-1995 yılları arasında gerçekleşen savaştan sonraki dönem Türkçe için yeni bir devrin başlangıcı olmuştur. Pek çok üniversitede Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı bölümleri açılmıştır. Türkçe, Bosna Hersek’te zorunlu / seçmeli ders olarak okutulmaya başlanmıştır. Türkçe kursları açılmış, aynı zamanda Türkçe yayın yapan basın-yayın organları da Bosna Hersek’te yeni bir dönemin başlangıcı olmuştur. Bosna Hersek’te lisansüstü Türkçe öğretimi faaliyetleri Saraybosna, Zenica, Tuzla, Mostar Džemal Bijedić ve Uluslararası Saraybosna üniversitelerinin Türkoloji bölümlerinde yapılmaktadır. Türkiye’den her yıl bu kurumlara Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından okutman ve Maarif Vakfı okuluna öğretmen görevlendirilmesi yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Bosna Hersek’te geçmişten günümüze Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı öğretimi ile bunun Bosna Hersek dil ve edebiyatına etkisi değerlendirilecektir.
During history, Bosnia and Herzegovina has hosted many civilizations such as the Roman Empire, the Byzantines, the Hun Turks, and the Ottoman Empire. With the arrival of the Ottoman State to this geography in 1463, the people accepted Islamism and Turkish and Turkish culture. During the period from the Ottoman rule until 1878, many schools included Turkish lessons. As a result of the interest in the Turkish language, the dictionary work was also done. With time, Turkish newspapers were issued, in Bosnian literature the Turkish language was placed, and in schools the Turkish language began to be taught. During the time Bosnia and Herzegovina left the Ottoman administration, Turkey continued to be used. In Yugoslavia, the domination of the Turkish continued, and Turkish works were written. 116 Bosnia and Herzegovina poets have written Turkish poems, Bosnia divan literature has emerged. In Bosnian literature products such as Sevdalinkas, histes, jokes and Karagöz-Hacivat, the influence of Turkish language and culture is also seen. The period after the war between 1992-1995 was the beginning of a new revolution for Turkey. Many of the universities have opened Turkish language and literature departments. Turkish has begun to be taught as a compulsory / optional course in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Turkish courses opened, and the press-publishing bodies that also broadcast Turkish have also been the beginning of a new period in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Graduate Turkish teaching activities in Bosnia and Herzegovina are carried out in the departments of Turkology of Saraybosna, Zenica, Tuzla, Mostar Džemal Bijedić and International Saraybosna universities. Every year from Turkey, teachers are appointed by the Ministry of National Education and the Maarif Foundation School to these institutions. In this study, the teaching of Turkish Language and Literature in Bosnia and Herzegovina from the past to the present will assess the impact of this on the Bosnia and Herzegovina language and literature.
Bosnia and Herzegovina has hosted many civilizations throughout history, such as the Roman Empire, Byzantines, Hun Turks, and the Ottoman Empire. When the Ottoman Empire came to this geography in 1463, the people adopted Islam, Turkish language and Turkish culture. During the period from the Ottoman rule to 1878, Turkish lessons took place in many schools. In this period, as a result of the interest in Turkish language, dictionary studies were also carried out. Over time, Turkish newspapers were published and Turkish was included in Bosnian literature. Turkish continued to be used during the period when Bosnia and Herzegovina came out of the Ottoman administration. During the Yugoslavia period, the dominance of Turkish continued and works were written in Turkish. 116 Bosnian poets wrote their poems in Turkish, Bosnian Divan literature emerged. The influence of Turkish language and culture is also seen in Bosnian literature, such as sevdalinkas, epics, anecdotes and Karagöz-Hacivat. The period after the war between 1992- 1995 marked the beginning of a new era for Turkish. Turkish Language and Literature departments have been opened in many universities. Turkish has started to be taught as a compulsory / elective course in Bosnia and Herzegovina. At the same time, media organs broadcasting in Turkish marked the beginning of a new era in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Postgraduate Turkish language teaching in Bosnia and Herzegovina have been carried out in the Turcology departments of Sarajevo, Zenica Tuzla, Mostar Džemal Bijedić and International Sarajevo universities. Every year, lecturers from Turkey are assigned to these institutions and Maarif Foundation School by the Ministry of National Education of Turkey. In this study, teaching of Turkish Language and literature in Bosnia and Herzegovina from past to present and its effect on Bosnia and Herzegovina language and literature will be evaluated.
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