Özet:

In supporting development, the goal is to comprehend that functional, emotional and cognitive responses are inseparable. Material and Methods: After birth, it is a process of adjustment for both the parents and the child. In first six months, the primitive reflexes are observed originating from the brain stem as responses to the sensory stimuli in the form of involuntary movements. As the primitive reflexes continue its functions and develop, the front cortical brain –lead by the thinking part of the brain- configures the postural reflexes through integrating better adjusted postural balance and movement patterns. These early learning experiences evolve as the baby accumulates more sensory information and the baby uses these experiences to calm him/herself while enhance motor and cognitive development. Stanley Greenspan and his colleagues have concluded after many years of research that what had been conventionally perceived as separate levels comprised of functional, emotional and cognitive responses were in fact parts of a whole and cannot be separated. Sensory integration therapy embraces the DIR/Floortime and Neuro-Developmental understanding based on reciprocal interaction and relationships through which an intervention is designed to meet the needs of a child’s individual differences. Sensory Integration refers to the way in which children register and perceive sensory information from their bodies and the environment helps the child to bring together, match and process the information from the visual, auditory, tactile (touch), smell and taste, proprioceptive (body awareness), and vestibular (sense of gravity) systems. The “Four A’s” arousal, attention, affect, and action are a reflection of integration of the senses and at the core of behavioral regulation and cognitive development in the young child. In order for us to come up with efficient, normal and appropriate responses; the nervous system gathers sensory information, and the brain attaches meaning through organizing the information. In order to succeed performing goal-oriented complex movements suitable to the environment and maintaining reciprocal interaction, we need to be able to manage social skills such as relating, creating ideas, planning. This, in turn, enables fine and gross motor development, maintaining regulation and organization, focusing, participating, and upholding goal-oriented attention for prolonged time frames which unfold the natural learning processes. Conclusion: Through implementing such an approach, the baby can experience and master new skills that were non-existent before with the help of his/her developing capacity and with the new meanings that he/she attaches to his/her surrounding environment, it will be possible to further enhance the capacity through orienting his/her position in the universe.

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