Abstract:

The rapid increase in energy demand, along with the growing population and industrialization, is concerned in all countries of the world. In the current scenario, due to the limited availability of conventional energy sources and the rapid extinction of unrenovable fossil fuels, the world is witnessing a fairly major energy crisis. In this context, it is necessary to research alternative renewable fuels that can meet the world’s energy needs to overcome dangerous environmental problems such as the growing population, global warming and greenhouse gas emissions. Recently, interest is increasing in studies on subjects such as the use of microorganisms such as bacteria and algae and the conversion of chemical energy stored in organic compounds into electric energy. Today, with microbial metabolic activities (especially the use of a wide variety of biomass and biological substrates), renewable energy production is considered a practical solution to the problem of energy deficiency. Microbial fuel cells can be converted into bioelectric by catalyzing the energy accumulated in organic compounds by oxidating. Also, microorganisms can be produced in products that can be used as a source of energy with their natural metabolic activity. As an example of this situation, we can give many microorganisms the ability to easily convert carbohydrates into alcohol. However, microbial fuel technologies have advantages such as reliability, high efficiency, cleanliness and the minimum level of producing toxic or completely non-toxic side products. Due to these advantages, the use of microbial fuel technology as an alternative source for renewable energy production has been among the advanced biotechnology processes in recent times. The aim of this study is to emphasize the key points of the biofuel and bioenergy production techniques with the use of microorganisms and to study the benefits of energy production with microbial bio-processes.

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