Abstract:

The mythology, which is treated as a nevian belief of the primitive people, holds an important place in the people's memory because it fills the people's religious needs spiritually. The beliefs of a society reflect the verbal literary products of that society. In one of these stories, the mythological elements are often found, the symbols chosen by the people's memory. Destans are both the carriers of literature and verbal history. From the point of view of the Turkish histes, it appears that the researchers especially neglected this second, they did not stand much on this characteristic of the histes. The person who learns his history and literature will realize this consciousness. For this reason, it is necessary to see the histes not as imaginary products, but as a sociological text. This is the basis of the study of Turkish histories; Turkish culture, history, etc. It means to investigate. In this study, a study was conducted on the cultural codes contained in these codes by comparing the five rivates related to the Tureyish legends. There are five rides of the river. The first three rivers were taken from Chinese sources. The fourth rivayet of Reşideddin Fazlullah’s work named Cami’üt-Tevarih, the last rivayet of Abu’l-Gazi Bahadır Han’s Shecere-i in Turkey. In the study, the source myths about the origin of the Turks were compared based on the rivayeti of the Türeyiş story in Cami'üt-Tevarih. The reason for the establishment of the Cami'üt-Tevarih from Iran for review is that it is the most historic element of the Tureyish legends. After the summary of the Cami'üt-Tevarih nüshah was compared with other rivates, then a evaluation of the cultural codes contained in these casts was made. The review shows the importance of the continuity of the tribe for the Turks and the value that the Turks give to the state/nation/family consciousness. It is important to read, understand and solve its cultural codes, to show how rich the Turkish culture is, and how rooted the Turkish history and literature are.

Abstract:

Mythology, which is considered as a kind of belief system of  the primitive people cover an important place in community mind as it satisfies the spiritual needs of people. The beliefs of a society are reflected in its oral literature works. Of the oral literature works, epics frequently include mythological elements and the symbols chosen by the memory of the community. Epics are the carriers of both literature and oral history. Considering Turkish epics, it is understood that the researchers have neglected the latter in particular, and have not accentuated this feature of epics. Anyone who reads/knows their history and literature can realise the role of epics. For this reason, epics should be considered as a sociological texts rather than a work of imagination. Therefore, examining Turkish epics also means investigating Turkish culture, history and the like. In this study, five narrative accounts of the Türeyiş epic were compared and the cultural codes embedded in those accounts were investigated. There are five narrative accounts regarding the Türeyiş epic. The first three narrative accounts were taken from Chinese sources. The fourth account was in the book ‘Cami’üt-Tevarih’ by Reşideddin Fazlullah, and the final one was in the book Şecere-i Türk by Bahadır Han. The comparison was made on the basis of the narrative account of the Türeyiş epic, which is one of the origin myths that narrates how the Turks came into existence, in Cami’üt-Teravih. The reason for grounding the investigation on Cami’üt-Tevarih originating from Iran is the fact that it is the most historical transcript of the Türeyiş epics. After summarizing the transcript of Cami’üt-Teravih, the summary was compared to the other narrative accounts, and then the cultural codes embedded in these epics were investigated. The investigation revealed the value attached to the continuity of the blood and to the notion of country, nation, and family by the Turks. It is important to read, interpret, and decode the cultural codes of such epic transcripts in terms of showing how rich the Turkish culture is and how deep-rooted the Turkish history and literature are. 

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