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Bugün Malatya iline bağlı bir ilçe merkezi olan Arapgir, 19. yüzyılda özellikle kumaş dokumacılığı ve ticaretinde oldukça önemli bir konuma sahipti. Manusa ve gezi adlı kumaşlarıyla ünlü olan bu kasaba, çoğunluğu oluşturan Müslümanların yanı sıra, önemli sayıda gayrimüslim nüfusu da barındırıyordu. Fakat kasabadaki ekonomik faaliyetler (zanaat ve ticaret) ağırlıklı olarak gayrimüslimlerin elindeydi. Arapgir’de aynı işi yapan esnaf, zanaatkâr ve tüccarlar, kendi içlerinden seçtikleri bir şeyh veya kethüdanın yönetiminde teşkilatlanmışlardı. Fakat bu yöneticiler, sadece kendilerinin de mensup oldukları esnaf grubunu değil, aynı zamanda benzer işle meşgul olan birden çok esnaf grubunu da temsil ediyorlardı. Ayrıca kasaba ve köylerdeki bütün esnafları hükümet nezdinde temsil eden bir bazarbaşıları da vardı. İmparatorluk genelinde olduğu gibi, Arapgir’deki bütün esnaf, zanatkâr ve tüccarlar, belirli aralıklarla, kendileri ve işortakları için genellikle meslektaşları arasından birer kefil göstermek zorundaydılar. Ayrıca, yanlarında çalıştırdıkları kalfa ve çıraklarına da kendileri kefil olurlardı. Bu çalışmada, 1847 (Hicrî 1263) tarihli bir esnaf kefalet defteri kaynak olarak kullanılmak suretiyle, Arapgir Kazası esnafı incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, Arapgir’de ve bazı köylerinde faaliyet gösteren esnaf çeşitleri, sayıları ve iş ortaklıkları ile her esnaf grubu içinde yer alan usta, kalfa ve çırak sayıları üzerinde durulmuş; bir ustanın yanında yardımcı eleman olarak çalışan çırak ve kalfaların ustalarıyla olan akrabalık bağları da tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Anahtar kelimeler: Arapgir, esnaf teşkilatı, kefalet defteri, usta, kalfa, çırak.
Today, the Arabgir, a district center connected to the province of Malatya, had a very important position in the 19th century, especially in the fabric fabric and trade. This town, famous for its tissues named Manusa and Giza, was home to a large number of non-Muslim populations, as well as the majority of Muslims. But the economic activities in the city (catering and trade) were mainly in the hands of the non-Muslims. The traders, the craftsmen and the merchants who did the same work in Arabgir were organized under the management of a sheh or kethudan they chosen from among themselves. But these managers represented not only the trade group they belong to, but also a number of trade groups engaged in similar work. There was also a boss who represented all the treasures in the town and villages by the government. As in the entire empire, all the traders, traders and merchants in the Arabs, at certain intervals, were often for themselves and their fellow partners to show one-on-one. They will also be able to make their hearts and stools with them. In this study, a trade in 1847 (Hicry 1263) was used as a source of failure record, the Arabic accident trade was studied. In this context, the trade varieties, numbers and business partnerships that operate in Arabgir and some villages were focused on the master, heart and grape numbers within each trade group, and the relativity of grape and grape connections with the master who worked as a assistant element alongside a master were also tried to be identified. Keywords: Arabic, trade organization, failure book, master, heart, crack.
Arapgir, today a district center of Malatya province, had a very important position in the 19th century, especially in cloth weaving and trade. This town, famous for its fabrics called manusa and gezi, comprised the majority Muslims, but also housed a significant number of non-Muslim populations there. But the econo-mic activities (craft and trade) in the town were predominantly in the hands of non-Muslims. The tradesmen, artisans and merchants who did the same work in Arapgir were organized under the direction of a sheikh or kethuda of their choice. But these managers represented not only the group of tradesmen to whom they belonged, but also the group of tradesmen who were engaged in similar work. They also had a “bazarbaşı” who represented all the shopkeepers in the towns and villages before the government. As it was the comman throughout the Empire, all tradesmen, artisans and traders in Arapgir had to show a guarantor for themselves and their associates, usually among their colleagues, at regular intervals. They would also vouch for the journeymen and apprentices they employed with them. In this study, the artisan surety records dated 1847 (Hijri 1263) was used as a source, examined the tradesmen of the Arapgir crash. In this context, the types, numbers and business partnerships of artisans also the number of masters, journey-men and apprentices in each group of tradesmenin in Arapgir and some near villa-ges were focused in this study. The relationship between apprentices and journey-men working as assistants alongside a master was also tried to be determined.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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