Abstract:

A review considers the synthesis of mono-(Pt, Ru, Pd), bi-(Pt-Pd, Pt-Ru, Pd-Ru), and trimetal (Pt-Pd-Ru) nanoparticles in the pores of the polymer matrix of hypercrosslinked polystyrene (HPS), their structure and catalytic properties. Physico-chemical studies have shown that the formation of metal nanoparticles depends on properties of the porous structure of the polymer matrix, the nature of the initial precursor of the metal and on the synthesis conditions. The average size of metal nanoparticles are usually amounted to 1-2 nm for all types of metals (except Pd), although these metals have different valence states in the nanoparticles. The study of the catalytic properties of noble metal nanoparticles stabilized in matrix of HPS showed promising applications of these systems in the reactions of selective oxidation, hydrogenation and enantioselective hydrogenation, which are intermediate stages in the synthesis of semiproducts of vitamins and medicines. The use of nanoscale catalysts in industrial scale will reduce the manufacturing stages, will increase the yield and will improve the environmental safety of the existing industrial facilities. 

Keywords: