Özet:

Grapevine (Vitis spp.) is one of the major fruit crop with high socioeconomic importance for Turkey. Many harmful organism groups especially viruses cause significant diseases and lead to crop losses, reducing fruit quality and plant vigour and shorten the longevity of vines. So, quarantine and certification programs are implemented strictly for viruses. In the past fifty years, especially in last twenty years, important advances have been performed in the field of grapevine virus research, including characterization of pathogens and control measurements. So far, 23 viruses and 5 viroids have been reported to occur in the Turkish vineyards. Arabis Mosaic Virus (ArMV), Grapevine Fanleaf Virus (GFLV), Grapevine Fleck Virus (GFkV), Grapevine Leafroll-Associated Viruses (GLRaV-1, GLRaV-3), Grapevine Virus A (GVA) have been remarked as the most common viruses. In addition, some novel grapevine viruses such as Grapevine Virus B (GVB), Grapevine Pinot Gris Virus (GPGV), Grapevine Roditis Leaf Discoloration-Associated Virus (GRLDaV), Grapevine Rupestris Stem Pitting-Associated Virus (GRSPaV) and Grapevine Syrah Virus 1 (GSyV-1) have been identified recently. Diagnosis and characterization studies of grapevine viruses have accelerated considerably with next generation sequencing techniques based on DNA sequencing techniques in the country besides conventional techniques such as woody indexing, herbaceous indexing, serological and molecular methods. In this review, historical development, caused diseases and economic importance of grapevine viruses in Turkey was summed up.

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