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İstanbul’un Eminönü semtinde yer alan Çuhacı Han, 1728 yılında sadrazam Nevşehirli Damat İbrahim Paşa tarafından çuha ticaretiyle uğraşanlar için inşa ettirilmiş, günümüzde kuyumcu esnafı tarafından kullanılmakta olan tek avlulu, revaklı ve üç katlı plan tipine sahip şehir içi hanlarındandır. Kapalıçarşı’ya çok yakın olması sebebiyle sirkülasyonun yoğun olduğu hana zaman içinde kullanıcıların ihtiyaçları doğrultusunda pek çok ek yapılmış, yapı özgün halinden kısmen uzaklaşmıştır. Bunun yanında, rüzgâr, yağmur gibi atmosferik olayların da etkisiyle günümüzde yapı malzemeleri üzerinde bozulmalar görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada Çuhacı Han’ı oluşturan mimari öğeler ve malzemeler incelenmiş, hanın korunmasında sorun oluşturan etmenler açığa çıkarılmıştır. Buna göre yapının öncelikle muhdes eklerinden ayıklanması gerekmektedir. Bu ekler, strüktüre zarar veren ağır bir betonarme merdiven ile özgün halinde açık olan üst kat revaklarının dolgularıdır. İhtiyaç dahilinde yapılmış saçak, tente ve üst kat revaklarının kapatılmasında kullanılan cam gibi ekler ise hanın özgün halinde olmamasına rağmen, işlevsel olduklarından ve çağdaş malzeme ile yapıldıklarından, koruma konusunda tehdit yaratmamaktadır. Eklerin haricinde yapıdaki malzemeler üzerinde özellikle su etkisi sebebiyle pek çok malzeme bozulması tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada, yapıda görülen malzeme bozulmaları sıralanmış, bunlar için koruma önerilerinde bulunulmuştur. Söz konusu sorunlara gereken müdahalenin yapılması ve tedbirlerin alınması, sonrasında yapının sürekli bakımının sağlanması, tarihimizde önemli yeri olan bu kültür varlığının, özgün haline en yakın şekilde gelecek nesillere aktarılmasında büyük rol oynamaktadır.
Located in the Eminönü district of Istanbul, Çuhacı Han is one of the urban houses with a single garden, revakli and three-storey plan type, which was built in 1728 by Sadrazam Nevşehirli Damat Ibrahim Pasha for those who deal with the choke trade, which is currently used by the choke trade. Because it’s very close to the closure, the circle is intense and in time many additions have been made in accordance with the needs of users, the structure has partially disappeared from the original state. In addition, the effects of wind, rain, and atmospheric events are also seen in the construction materials today. In this study, the architectural elements and materials that form Chuhaci Han were studied, the factors that created problems in the protection of the house were revealed. First of all, the structure must be removed from the muhdes. These additives are fills of the upper floor reefs that are opened in original form with a heavy concrete staircase that damages the structure. Additives such as glass used in the closure of the thresholds made within the need and the upper floor reefs, although the house is not in original condition, because they are functional and made with contemporary materials, it does not pose a threat to protection. In addition to the additives, many material damage has been detected on the materials in the structure, especially due to the water effect. In the study, the material defects in the structure were classified, and protective recommendations were made for them. The necessary intervention and measures to be taken on these issues, then the continuous maintenance of the structure, which is an important place in our history, plays a great role in the transfer of this cultural existence to the most close to its original to the future generations.
Çuhacı Han locating in İstanbul-Eminönü, was built in 1728 by one of the famous grand viziers of Ottoman period, Nevşehirli Damat İbrahim Pasha, for those engaged in the trade of primroses and today it is used by the jewelry tradesmen. It is one of the inner-city khans with a single courtyard, portico and three-storey plan type. There are shops which are used from the streets, within the structure of the building at the ground floor level. East facade of the khan is blank wall whereas the lower floor of the south and west facades is ashlar, and the upper floor is alternating wall with one row of ashlar limestone and two rows of bricks. Corners of the building are emphasized with ashlar limestone. There are stone and brick birdhouses on south and west facades. Due to the fact that it is very close to the Grand Bazaar, many annexes have been added to the khan, where the circulation is intense, in line with the needs of the users, and the structure has partially moved away from its original state. With the additions made, the plan scheme, portico facades, original materials have changed, and the building has partially moved away from its original form. In addition, because of atmospheric events such as wind and rain, deterioration is observed on building materials today. In this study, the architectural elements, and materials of Çuhacı Han were examined, the factors causing problems in the protection of the khan were revealed. Accordingly, the building should be firstly separated from the annexes. These are, a heavy reinforced concrete stair that damage the structure, and the fillings of the upper floor porches that are open in their original form. Apart from the annexes, many material degradations have been detected on the materials in the building, due to water effect, freeze–thaw cycles and various atmospheric effects. These are cracks, joint gaps, surface loss, abrasion, chipping, pitting, black layer formation, discoloration, efflorescence, plant formation, moss formation. These damages are generally seen on natural stones, bricks, plasters, and iron. In the study, material deteriorations observed in the building were listed and protection recommendations were made for them. Taking the necessary interventions and taking precautions to these problems, then ensuring the continuous maintenance of the building plays a major role in the transfer of this cultural asset, which has an important place in our history, to the next generations in the closest way to its original form.
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