Abstract:

Clinopodium vulgare L. subsp. vulgare is a perennial aromatic herbaceous plant belonging to Clinopodium genus and Lamiaceae family. This genus plants are often used in traditional therapy. There are no studies involving the whole of these properties of the Clinopodium vulgare L. subsp. vulgare extract, although there are studies about antioxidant, antimicrobial, tyrosinase inhibitor effects and analysis of phenolic compounds by HPLC of different extracts of different Clinopodium genus. The purpose of this study was to determine the phenolic composition by HPLC, and antioxidant, antimicrobial, and tyrosinase inhibitor activity of methanolic extract of C. vulgare  subsp. vulgare. The phenolic compounds were determined by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibitor, and antimicrobial activities of the extract were examined by spectrophotometric methods, and disc diffusion method, respectively. The total phenolic content (TPC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (DPPH), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) values of the extract were found 27.9±0.4 mg gallic acid equivalents per g sample, 0.114±0.0004 mg/mL, and 1556±3 µM trolox equivalents per g sample, respectively. IC50 value of the extract according to the tyrosinase inhibitition study results was found higher than kojic acid standard. The protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, vanillin, sinapic acid, benzoic acid were detected by HPLC analysis. The extract exhibited while moderate antibacterial activity against an acid-fast bacterium (M. smegmatis), some gram pozitive (S. aureus and B. cereus) and gram negative (Y. pseudotuberculosis) bacteria. But, antifungal activity was not showed against C. albicans and S. cerevisiae species. According to the results of this study, C. vulgare  subsp. vulgare can be considered as a potential source for developing new pharmaceuticals.

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