Özet:

The social world is based on the unity of self and other, object and subject. On the other hand, this union predicts a dialectical encounter rather than juxtaposition. According to Peter L. Berger, social reality manifests itself in a state of being in which the self transforms into the other, the object into the subject, and vice versa. According to Berger, sociology aiming to address social reality must take into account the paradoxical nature of the social dialectic and the symbolic universe, which is the field of manifestation of the nature in question. A competent sociological explanation should take the relationship that man establishes with nature as the starting point and make a synthesis of Durkheim's explanatory approach and Weber's understanding approach. Berger tries to establish an alliance between the theoretical camps of classical sociology while considering the social construction phases of the social world as externalization, objectification, internalization processes in The Social Construction of Reality (1966), which is shown among the classical works of Contemporary Sociology. On the other hand, he argues that the practice of reification accompanies these three simultaneous phases that constitute the anthropological origin of social reality. According to Berger, reification means a transition from equality in which society is a product of a human being and a product of human society, to a level where the symbolic order is accepted as natural and transcendent. In this study, first of all, Berger's three-stage theorization will be discussed to show the dialectical formation process of social reality. Then, the structural features of the socialization process that work simultaneously with these stages will be discussed. Finally, it will be discussed how the process of reification and alienation, which is the founder of a symbolic order according to Berger, creates a practice of consciousness in ensuring the naturalization of social reality.

Anahtar Kelimeler: