Abstract:

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is vector-borne disease. and endemics in most regions of Iraq especially with poor populations. "Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1)" gene play an essential role in susceptibility to CL and disease pathology, NRAMP1 influences a production and activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β and TNF-α. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines play an essential role in susceptibility/resistance and the immunopathogenesis of Leishmania infection. These cytokines are crucial factors in the initiation and enhances of protective immunity against Leishmania infection. This study aimed to determine effect of polymorphism in NRAMP1 genes on cytokines secretion and their effect in susceptibility to CL infection. Materials and Methods: Samples of blood were collected from patients (n: 60) with CL and apparently healthy controls (n: 32). Polymorphism of Nramp1 (D543N) detected by PCR-RFLP technique in patients and control groups while (TNF-α and IL-1β) cytokine concentrations detected by ELISA technique using a quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. Results: Results indicate to effect of Nramp1 gene polymorphism on levels of (IL-1β and TNF-α) cytokines and this a clearly recorded in present study were A allele is associated with lower levels of (TNF-α and IL-1β) in patients and control groups compression to that absorbed in allele G with statically significant (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α) plays an essential  role in the resolution of CL infection,  were its concentration  in patients serum of all age groups were significant increase in comparison to that observed in their control groups. In polymorphisms of Nramp1 (D543N) gene, were A allele is associated with lower levels of (IL-1β and TNF-α) compression to that  absorbed in allele G, and this decreased production may be associated with susceptibility and proliferation of parasites in the macrophage.

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