Abstract:

The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly affected the sports sector. The obligation of athletes to stay at home, the restriction of access to the gyms or all of the training/trainer, the cancelled organizations, uncertainty, etc. Many factors have caused changes in sleep and eating habits, while increasing stress and anxiety levels. This study aims to determine the conditions of sleep, stress, anxiety and depression of elite athletes, and to evaluate the relationship between their nutritional conditions and their body compositions. The study was conducted with 13 professional women's volleyball team players. Meeting with all athletes face-to-face has been determined by the general characteristics, quality of sleep, stress-anxiety-depression levels and eating behavior scales. In addition, the body composition analysis of the 24-hour reverse nutritional consumption of athletes has been questioned. The average size length of the athletes is 173.62 ± 7.69 cm, the body fat percentage is 22.46 ± 3.69. The majority of athletes (53.85) have poor quality of sleep. The difference between the average total body fluid amount (kg) of those with poor and good quality of sleep has been found significant. The rate of stress, anxiety and depression levels above the normal is 38.5%, 38.5%, and 46.2%, respectively. The study determined the negative relationship of the sleep score with the non-fat mass (r= -,565 p= 0,044), the muscle mass (r= -,584 p= 0,036) and the protein amount (r= -,566 p= 0,044) (p <0.05). The maximum value of daily energy is 1781.75 kcal, and the average protein amount is 0.81 ± 0.22 g/kg. Athletes should be treated against the negative effects of the pandemic. At the same time, the health and sports performance of athletes captured by COVID-19 should be closely monitored.

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Abstract:

The COVID-19 pandemic has deeply affected the sports industry. The obligation of athletes to stay at home, restricting access to gyms or completely training/trainer, canceled organizations, uncertainty, etc. while these factors increased stress and anxiety levels, they also changed sleep and eating habits. The study was conducted with 13 professional women's volleyball team players. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with all athletes, and scales were used to assess their general characteristics, sleep quality, stress-anxiety-depression levels, and eating habits. In addition, the athletes' 24-hour retrospective food consumption was questioned, and body composition analyses were performed. The athletes' average height is 173.62 ± 7.69 cm, and their body fat percentage is 22.46 ± 3.69 percent. Most of the athletes (53.85%) were found to have poor sleep quality. The difference between the mean total body fluid amount (kg) of those with poor and good sleep quality was found to be significant. The percentage of those who have stress, anxiety, and depression scores above normal is 38.5%, 38.5% and 46.2%, respectively. In the study, a negative correlation between sleep score and lean mass (r = -0.565 p = 0.044), muscle mass (r = -0.584 p = 0.036) and protein amount (r = -0,566 p = 0.044) was determined (p <0.05). It was determined that the maximum daily calorie intake was 1781.75 kcal, and the mean protein amount was 0.81 ± 0.22 g/kg. Precautions should be taken to avoid the pandemic's negative effects on athletes. At the same time, athletes infected with COVID-19 should have their health and athletic performance closely monitored.