Özet:

Aim: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a significant role in the development of various diseases, including cancer, and have been investigated as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers. The specific mechanisms underlying their involvement in the progression and development of multiple myeloma (MM), as well as their potential as diagnostic markers, remain to be fully elucidated. This study aimed to elucidate the involvement of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of MM, explore their relationship with clinical parameters, and assess their potential as biomarkers for MM diagnosis. Material and Methods: Patients above 18 years of age, diagnosed with MM and not yet receiving treatment, were included in the study. The expression levels of three lncRNAs (MALAT1, PANDAR, MEG3) regulated by the p53 gene were determined in a study involving 19 patients diagnosed with MM and 20 healthy volunteers. The expression levels were determined using RT-PCR. Results: The levels of plasma lncRNAs were observed to be significantly down-regulated (p<0.05) in the patient group. No significant difference was observed between disease stages and the expression levels of the lncRNAs. There was a negative correlation between lncRNA expression levels and albumin levels (p=0.019; p=0.048; p=0.033, respectively), while no significant associations were found with other clinicopathological characteristics. ROC analysis demonstrated that the plasma expression levels of lncRNAs had diagnostic value in predicting MM (AUC=0.729, p=0.015; AUC=0.742, p=0.010; AUC=0.703, p=0.031, respectively). Conclusion: In conclusion, MALAT1, PANDAR and MEG3 may serve as novel biomarkers for MM patients. Furthermore, these lncRNAs may be potential drug targets in MM.

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