Özet:

The existence of the caribou warble flies population during the different phases of their living is determined by the ecological factors. At one phase the controlling factor is the temperature, at other phases it is humidity, insolation, wind power etc. All of these factors influence on the population of this particular type of insects through the related interaction. Due to this, the studying of combinations of ecological factors totally and systematically influencing on the condition and growth of ??. tarandi species is the issue of major importance that gives the opportunity to make a long-term forecast of changes in the population of caribou warble flies. The set of all physical conditions influencing on the researched insects can be related to abiotic factors. We are examining the main of them such as temperature, illumination, wind, soil factors, humidity and rainfall. Moreover, the climate itself and ever-changing weather conditions have significant influence on the insects. Keywords: Abiotic factors; caribou warble flies; Yamal; subarctic tundra; reindeers References: Abiotic Factors. (2005). Chapter published in Encyclopedia of Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48380-7_8 Boykov, D. A. (1999). Peculiarities of the phenology of reindeer deer on the Yamal Peninsula and measures to combat them. Candidate of Biological Sciences, p. 19. Bursell, E. (1974). Environmental aspects-humidity. The Physiology of Insecta (Second Edition). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-591602-8.50009-6 Dobrovolsky, B. V. (1969). Phenology of insects. Higher School Publishing House, Moscow. Gilyarov, M. S. (1949). Features of soil as habitat and its importance in the evolution of insects. USSR Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Hadwen, S. (1926). Notes on the Life History of Oedemagena tarandi L. and Cephenomyia trompe Modeer. The Journal of Parasitology, 13(1), 56-65. DOI: 10.2307/3271635 Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3271635 Kurkela, P., & Kääntee, E. (2010). Antiparasitic Effect of Tetramisolum (INN) on Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus L.) in Enclosure Conditions with Special Reference to Oedemagena tarandi. Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin Reihe, 25(1), 81-87. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0450.1978.tb00726.x Monchadsky, A. S. (1958). The concept of factors in ecology. Zoological Journal, 9, 1299-1303. Nilssen, A. C., & John, R. A. (1986). Reinens skin and throat (Oedemagena tarandi L. and Cephenemyia trompe Modeer). Ecology and Behavior. https://doi.org/10.7557/2.6.1-app.608 Sivkova, E. I., Gavrychkin, A. A. (2016) The contribution of scientists to the study of subcutaneous gadflies (sem. Hypodermatidae) in Siberia and the Far East. Bulletin of the Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, 6, 21-27. Sizikov, S. Y. Protection of deer from blood-sucking insects and imago-ovod in the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District. Veterinary Science, p. 20. Solomakha, A. I. (1990). Parasite-host relationships of warble fly (Oedemagena tarandi L.) and reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.) https://doi.org/10.7557/2.10.3.884 Ushatinskaya RS Basics of cold resistance of insects. Moscow: Izd. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, (1957), p. 120. Vinogradskaya, O. N. (1959). Morphology and physiology of the respiratory system and the water balance of winged mosquitoes in connection with environmental conditions: Diss. Association of Biological Sciences.  

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