Özet:

A comparative analysis of the sanitary and ecological state of surface watercourses in the upper part of the Danube basin (on theterritoryofUkraine) was carried out according to microbiological indicators. Similar hygienic studies were previously conducted in the middle and lower Danube inAustria,Slovakia,HungaryandRomania. InUkraine, the river network of theDanubeRiver basinwas not studied by microbiological indicators. The object of research is the watercourses on the territory of various zones of the nature protection object, which are different in function. This approach makes it possible to use hygienic indicators of water in protected areas of nature conservation areas as a reference for conducting background monitoring. The original design of the treatment plant based on the use of "Viya" fibrous carrier and "paste" technical structure is proposed. It was established that as the transition from the reserve to the economic zone occurs, the nitrate content in the water increases, the BOD increases in water, and the dissolved oxygen in the water decreases for all the watercourses studied. Significant differences in microbiological indices of watercourses of various functional zones of the protected object have been revealed. The possibility of using the sanitary-microbiological indicators of the river network as a reliable rapid test for assessing the state of environmental safety of nature conservation areas is shown.

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