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Abstract In this paper, the authors examine the contents and perspectives opened by the Document of Aparecida for ecumenical dialogue (DAp n. 227-234). The quest for the unity of Christians corresponds to the ecclesiology of communion professed by the Catholic Church – alongside the Orthodox and Protestant churches – with its Trinitarian, sacramental and missionary aspects. The unity is the gift of the Spirit and vocation of the Pueblo de Dios, “so that the world may believe” (Jn 17:21-23). Communion is not reduced to doctrinal agreements, the object of ecumenical theological dialogue. Include the willingness to walk together on three paths, indicated by the Document of Aparecida: training, participation, and meeting. On this path towards full communion, the ecumenical dialogue takes place as a synodal promise: to discern and promote together new forms of discipleship, mission, and common witness of the Gospel (cf. DAp n. 233). Authors deepen this promise, from the Pontifical Magisterium to the Conference of Aparecida, with a view to the synodal process recently proposed by Pope Francis.

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