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Ülkemizde yaşanan depremler sonucunda Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı, Yapıların Tasarım ve Yapım Kuralları içeren yönetmelik ve standartlarda değişiklikler yaparak Depreme dayanıklı yapılar inşa edilmesini hedeflemektedir. Bu kapsamda 2007 yılında “Deprem Bölgelerinde Yapılacak Binalar Hakkında Esaslar” yönetmeliğini yayınlamıştır. Yönetmelikte, mevcut binaların zemin özelliklerinin nasıl belirleneceği belirtilmiştir. Bu kapsamda, zemin grupları taşıma gücü açısından en yüksekten en düşüğe doğru A, B, C, D olarak tanımlanmıştır. Yerel zemin sınıfları ise zeminin en üst tabaka kalınlığı ve zemin grubuna göre Z1, Z2, Z3 ve Z4 olarak tanımlanmıştır. Yönetmeliğe göre mevcut ya da yeni yapılacak binalarda zemin etüt raporlarının düzenlenmesi istenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, 1999 Düzce depremlerine maruz kalmış ve taşıma gücü güçlü bir zemin üzerine inşa edilmiş bir okul binasının performans analizi yapılmıştır. Binasındaki taşıyıcı elemanların kapasitelerinin belirlenmesi ve deprem dayanımlarının değerlendirilmesi için eleman detayları, boyutları, taşıyıcı sistem geometrisi ve malzeme özellikleri detaylı olarak incelenmiştir. Binanın içinde ve dışında temel muayene çukurları açılarak temel şekli ve boyutları belirlenmiştir. Zeminin mühendislik özelliklerini belirlemek için jeofizik ölçümlerle birlikte 3 adet sondaj kuyusu açılmıştır. Zeminden alınan numuneler üzerinde deneyler yapılmış, zeminin “B grubu ve Z1 zemin sınıfında” olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yapının taşıyıcı elamanlarında donatı tespiti, pas payı durumu ve donatı çapları belirlenmiş ve beton karot numuneleri alınmıştır. Binanın mimari projeleri çizilmiş ve elde edilen verilerle binanın 2007 ve 2018 yönetmeliklerine göre “STA4-V14.1” paket programı ile performans analizi yapılarak değerlendirilmiştir.
As a result of the earthquakes in our country, the Ministry of Environment and Urbanism is aiming to build earthquake-resistant structures by making changes in the regulations and standards that include the Design and Construction Rules of Buildings. In this context, in 2007 he published the regulation "Principles on buildings to be built in earthquake areas". The regulations specify how the ground characteristics of existing buildings will be determined. In this scope, the ground groups are defined as A, B, C, D from the highest to the lowest in terms of carrying power. Local ground classes are defined as Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 according to the top layer thickness of the ground and ground group. It is required that the existing or new buildings will be prepared for the ground reporting. In this study, a performance analysis of a school building built on a strong ground that was exposed to the 1999 Earthquakes and transportation power was carried out. For the determination of the capacity of the carrier elements in the building and the assessment of earthquake resistance, the elements details, sizes, the carrier system geometry and the material characteristics have been detailed. Inside and outside of the building, the basic examination hole has been determined by opening the basic shapes and sizes. With geophysical measurements to determine the engineering characteristics of the soil, 3 extraction hole have been opened. Tests on the samples taken from the ground were carried out, the ground was determined to be "in group B and Z1 ground class". In the carrier elements of the building, the equipment was detected, the condition of the pass and the equipment diamonds were determined and the samples of concrete carot were taken. The building’s architectural projects were drawn and obtained by the data according to the building’s 2007 and 2018 regulations, evaluated by performing analysis with the “STA4-V14.1” package program.
As a result of the earthquakes in our country, the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization aims to build Earthquake resistant structures by making changes in the regulations and standards including the Design and Construction Rules of the Buildings. Within this scope, in 2007, “Principles on Buildings to be Constructed in Earthquake Zonese” was published. The regulation states how to determine the floor characteristics of existing buildings. In this context, soil groups are defined as A, B, C, D from the highest to the lowest. Local floor classes are defined as Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 according to the top layer thickness of the floor and the soil group. According to the regulation, it is required to organize ground survey reports in existing or new buildings. In this study, the performance analysis of a school building, which was built on a strong ground with strong bearing strength, was carried out in 1999 Düzce earthquakes. In order to determine the capacities of the carrier elements in the building and to evaluate the earthquake resistance, element details, dimensions, structural geometry and material properties were investigated in detail. The basic shape and dimensions were determined by opening the basic inspection pits inside and outside the building. In order to determine the engineering properties of the soil, 3 boreholes were opened with geophysical measurements. Experiments were performed on the samples taken from the ground and the floor was determined as “B group and Z1 soil class Z. Reinforcement fastenings, rust share and reinforcement diameters were determined and concrete core samples were taken. The architectural projects of the building were drawn and the performance data were analyzed with STA4-V14.1 package program according to the 2007 and 2018 regulations of the building.
Alan : Fen Bilimleri ve Matematik
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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