Özet:

Aim: Pain is an important stimulus to the body. Both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods are used in pain management. The aim of this study is to determine the methods used by nursing students while using the “distraction techniques” method in pain management and the ways of applying these methods, and to determine what problems they encounter during the application process. Method: The focus-group interview, one of the qualitative methods, was used in this study. The sample of the research consisted of first, second, third and fourth year students who had experienced clinical practice and who volunteered to participate in the study. The data for the study were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire form which consisted of six questions regarding their approach to pain. Qualitative data obtained from the interviews were recorded. Seven focus group interviews were held with 69 nursing students. The recorded interviews were transcribed and interpreted. The data were analyzed by the two researchers. In terms of the qualitative data analysis, three themes and 16 sub themes emerged. Result: The nursing students (N=69) defined a “distraction” as “ensuring someone forgets about the pain” and their techniques included chatting, watching TV, activities enjoyed by the patient, visualizations, breathing exercises, games, mobilization and hot and cold applications. The most common difficulty that students experience in using these methods is the high number of patients. Conclusion: The study showed that students often preferred to use distraction in pain management during clinical practice. It is thought that the reason why students often use this method is because they have an independent role in the application and the method is easy. It was determined that students frequently used cognitive-behavioral techniques and physical techniques to distraction. Nursing students believe that distraction is effective in reducing the pain of the patient.

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