Özet:

Icons are images of the people who are considered sacred in religion by traditional definition, like saints, and martyrs, which apply on the wooden plates. The visual representation and the symbolic appearance of icons are attributed to Eastern Christian and Byzantine culture in the 4^th century. The depiction of the Mother Mary and Child, the Hodegetria from the 12^th century, is known to be protected in the Hodegon Monastery in Constantinople. Christian art has many depictions of the Mother Mary and Child. It is accepted that was a symbol with miraculous iconic composition in many cultures of Orthodox painting derived from Byzantine culture to Russian icons. The Hodegetria icon was the most important because it is accepted with a protective role of the cities, including Constantinople and Russian cities throughout history. Over the centuries, the composition of Theotochus (Theotokos), Hodegetria, Blachernatissa, Kryotissa, and many more icons have been developed and reproduced. In this study, three icons from the Adana Museum were examined as icons of the Hodegetria and Our Lady of Kazan types. In the collection of the Adana Museum, a group of icons are reflecting the Post-Byzantine tradition in Russian art. Two of the icons with a cover of metal plate call attention to ornamental symbols like the cross, the crown, and the inscription like MP ΘV (Mater Theu), ICXC, alfa and omega, etc. One of them with the inscription ‘Kazanski’ which belongs to Kazan school. This icon with a yellow metal cover has a simple attempt to reflect the tradition. The Russian icon which is produced with the technique of mold on bronze reflects more tradition of Byzantine art. The icons have a long traditional past and nowadays Christian icon art would be defined as a Post-Byzantine tradition that passed through Russian art that continues today in Orthodox art.

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