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3
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10
Sosyal hizmetler, dezavantajlı bireyler ile toplulukların öncelikli olduğu ancak toplumun tüm üyelerinin karşılaştığı sosyo-ekonomik sorunların çözümüne yönelik sunulan hizmetlerin bütünüdür. Dolayısıyla birçok ülkede, bu hizmetlerin belirlenmesinden üretilip sunulmasına kadar tüm süreçten birincil derecede sorumlu olan yönetim kademesi merkezi yönetim olmuştur. Ancak 1980’li yıllarla birlikte küreselleşme, yerelleşme gibi fikirler ile neo-liberal politikalar sonucunda sosyal hizmetlerin yürütülmesinde, merkezi idareler yanında yerel yönetimler de yer almaya başlamıştır. Bu dönüşümden etkilenerek geliştirilen reformlarla yerel yönetim kademelerini sosyal hizmetler konusunda yetkilendiren ülkelerden birisi de Türkiye’dir. Özellikle 2000’li yıllarda başlatılan kamu yönetimi alanındaki reformlarla, belediyelere sosyal hizmetler alanında önemli yetki ve sorumluluklar yüklenmiştir. Böylece Türkiye’de yerel alanda sunulan sosyal hizmetler konusunda belediyeler de kendilerine özgü geliştirdikleri örgütlenme biçimleri ile bu hizmetleri yürütmüşlerdir. Ancak niteliği itibariyle bireyi merkeze alan önemli bir hizmet alanı olan sosyal hizmetlerin belediyelerdeki örgütlenme şekilleri durum itibariyle belirli bir standart ve ölçüden uzak kaldığı ve buna bağlı olarak da hizmet kollarının teşkilatlanma içerisinde dağınık bir yapıda olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, çalışmada Türkiye’deki büyükşehir belediyelerinin teşkilat yapıları içerisinde sosyal hizmetlerle ilgili birimlerin örgütlenme şekilleri ele alınarak bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır.
Social services are the whole of services offered to address the socio-economic problems that disadvantaged individuals and communities are prioritized but all members of the society face. Therefore, in many countries, the management level has been the central management, which is primarily responsible for the whole process from the determination and provision of these services. But with the 1980s, ideas such as globalization, localization and the implementation of social services as a result of neo-liberal policies, along with central administrations, local governments began to take part. One of the countries that authorized local governments in the field of social services with the reforms developed by this transformation is Turkey. In particular, with the reforms in the field of public administration initiated in the 2000s, the municipalities were charged with significant powers and responsibilities in the field of social services. Thus, in Turkey on the social services offered in the local area, the municipalities have also performed these services with their own organizational forms. However, it has been observed that the forms of organization of social services in the municipalities, which is an important service area that takes the individual to the center, are far from a certain standard and measure according to the situation and therefore the service arms are in a distorted structure within the organization. In this context, a study was conducted by addressing the organizational forms of units related to social services within the organizational structures of the major municipalities in Turkey.
Social services in which disadvantageous individuals and communities are primary are actually defined as all services provided to solve socio-economic problems faced by each member of a society. Therefore, in many countries from the identification to implementation of these services, centralized administration has primarily been responsible for all these steps. However, From the 1980s onward, as a result of ideas of globalization and localization with neo-liberal policies, local administrations have also begun to take place in the implementation of these services. Through reforms developed from these changes, one of the countries that authorize local administrations for social services is Turkey. Soon after the reforms in public administration in the early 2000s, municipalities have been significantly authorized for social services and they have operated services through their own organizational forms. However, it was found that the organization of social services by municipalities, though it’s an important service domain which centers individuals, is out of specific standards and thus service departments are complicated within the organization. From this aspect, the study aims to evaluate the organizational formations of social service departments of metropolitan municipalities in Turkey.
Alan : Eğitim Bilimleri; Sağlık Bilimleri; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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