Özet:

The author explores how the political and economic transition and the legacies of conflicts produced the states' criminalization and whether the more significant issues of these countries were nationalism or capitalist exploitation, or are these two categories in symbiosis? The presence of capitalism as the ruling model requires some form of nationalism and national identity- where a certain capitalist elite pragmatically chooses to build a nation-state, effectively mobilize and homogenize the rest of society on its platform. Ethnoational identities are formed as part of ethnonational-political projects, and national projects imply creating or completing nation-states that lead to the conflict. Local orders based on ethnic-violence turned into open war economies and entering into dynamic and symbiotic relations with illegal global markets and liberal market structures. The critical issue is the consolidation of mutual trust between the phenomena of "politicization of crime and criminalization of politics." Politically sensitive cases dealing with corruption, organized crime, or abuse of power are particularly vulnerable to various influences, and therefore it is vital to pass judgments to make existing records credible. Political and economic transformation cannot be fully accomplished due to disagreements between the economic and political spheres that would thwart the functioning of democratic institutions because the consolidation of the democratic order and the establishment of a market economy are in the balance of incompleteness. Re-establishing social structure and social ties, developing plurality and legality, is crucial as social security, once the most critical issues are met

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