İfade özgürlüğü ve telif hakları, Avrupa demokrasilerinin temel değerlerindendir. Bu iki değerin birbirlerini tamamladıkları, bu nedenle çatışmalarının söz konusu olamayacağını kabul eden geleneksel Amerikan anlayışının aksine özellikle dijital platformların yaygınlaşmasıyla ifade özgürlüğü ve telif hakları arasında adil bir denge kurulması konusunda giderek artan bir ihtiyaç hâsıl olmuştur. Elbette bu dengeleme, somut uyuşmazlıklar bağlamında nihai olarak yargı mercileri tarafından yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Avrupa’da farklı platformlarda nihai karar mercileri olan Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi ile Avrupa Adalet Divanı’nın, ifade özgürlüğü-telif hakları dengelemesi konusundaki içtihatlarını inceleyerek Avrupa genelinde ifade özgürlüğü ve telif hakları ilişkisine dair kabul edilen genel ilkeleri ortaya koymaktır. Bu bağlamda öncelikle ifade özgürlüğü ve telif hakları ilişkisi ile kabul edilen teorilere ilişkin genel bir açıklama yapılmıştır. Daha sonra iki Avrupa Mahkemesinin konuya dair içtihadından örnekler verilmiştir. Sonuç olarak iki mahkemenin görev tanımlarıdoğrultusunda konuya yaklaşımlarındaki farklılık da dikkate alınarak Avrupa’nın, ifade özgürlüğü ve telif hakları uyuşmazlıklarının çözümüne dair genel bakış açısı açıklanmış ve değerlendirilmiştir
Freedom of speech and copyright are the fundamental values of European democracies. Contrary to the traditional American understanding that these two values complement each other and therefore recognize that their conflicts are not subject to, it has become a growing need for a fair balance between freedom of expression and copyright, especially with the spread of digital platforms. Of course, this balance is ultimately made by the judges in the context of concrete disputes. The aim of this study is to reveal the general principles of the relationship between freedom of expression and copyright in Europe, by examining European Court of Human Rights and the European Court of Justice, which are the final judges on various platforms in Europe. In this context, a general explanation was first made on the theories accepted in relation to freedom of expression and copyright. There were two examples of the European Court of Justice on the matter. As a result, the two courts have taken into account the differences in their approaches to the matter, and the general view of Europe on the resolution of freedom of expression and copyright disputes has been explained and evaluated.
Freedom of expression and copyrights are amongst the fundamental values of European democracies. In contrast to the traditional American perception of copyrights and freedom of expression relationship which accepts that there can not be a conflict between these two rights as they actually complete each other, there seems to be an increasing necessity to strike a fair balance between these two fundamental values especially with the digital platforms becoming widespread throughout the world. This balancing, of course is carried out ultimately by judicial mechanisms in the context of concrete cases. Accordingly, purpose of this study is to put forward the general principles agreed-on in Europe by examining the caselaw of the European Court of Human Rights and the European Court of Justice which are the ultimate decision-makers in Europe on different platforms. In this context, first, a general assessment about the copyrightsfreedom of expression relationship and the theories adopted is made continuing with the analyse of decisions from two European Courts’ caselaw on this matter. Finally, the general point of view on the settlement of copyrights and freedom of expression contradictions in Europe is assessed also by taking into account the differences on the approach of these two courts regarding this topic
Field : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Ulusal
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