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XVI. yüzyılda İstanbul’da geniş kitleleri besleyen birçok imaret bulunmaktaydı. Ancak imaretler dışında zaviye, mescit, mektep, medrese, türbe gibi kurumlar aracığıyla da yemek dağıtılıyordu. Bunlardan özellikle zaviye ve mektepler kendi sakinlerinin yanında dışarıdan muhtaç insanların yemek ihtiyacını da karşılıyordu. Mescitler de yakın çevrelerindeki ahalinin yemek ihtiyacının karşılanmasında önemli rol oynuyordu. Medreseler ise diğerlerinden farklı olarak daha çok kendi mensuplarına yemek veriyordu. Bahsi geçen kurumlar arasında hayırseverlerin en çok yemek tahsisatı tayin ettiği müesseseler zaviyelerdi. Zaviyelerin yemek dağıtımında imaretlerin ardından en önemli kurum olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Zaviyelerde yemek dağıtımına “mürîdîn ve muhibbin” adıyla anılan kişilerin desteği büyük önem taşımaktaydı. Zaviyelerde yemek ikramında mübarek gün ve gecelerin ayrı bir önemi vardı. Bu çalışmada 1546 tarihli İstanbul Vakıfları Tahrir Defteri’ndeki verilere dayalı olarak, XVI. yüzyıl İstanbul’unda imaretler dışındaki yemek vakıfları ele alınmıştır. İhtiyaç sahibi kişilere yemek verilmesi için bağış yapan hayırseverler arasında mütevazı imkânlara sahip kimseler olduğu gibi mali kudreti yüksek kişiler de vardı.
The XVI. In the century there were many immaculations that fed large crowds in Istanbul. But in addition to the immates, it was also distributed through institutions such as the zaviye, mosque, mektep, medrese, turbe. Of these, especially the poor and the mektupes had the need for food from the outside along with their own inhabitants. The mosques also played an important role in meeting the need for food in their nearby surroundings. They were eating more to their own people than others. They were among the best foods that were given to the people of the world. It is possible to say that the most important institution in the distribution of foods is after the immates. The support of the people called "Murîdîn and muhibbin" to the distribution of food in the Zaviyes was very important. There was a separate importance for the day and night in the gifts of the fast food. In this study, on the basis of the data in the 1546 Istanbul Foundations Tahrir Book, XVI. In the century, food foundations were discussed in Istanbul except the immates. There were those who donated food to those who needed, and those who had humble possibilities, and those who had high financial power.
Sixteenth century Istanbul contained numerous imarets that fed significant population. Apart from the imarets, food was distributed through institutions such as dervish lodges, masjids, mektebs, madrasas and tombs. Of these, dervish lodges and mektebs in particular supplied food to the urban poor as well as to their own staff. Masjids had a role in meeting need for sustenance among the people living in their vicinity, while madrasas unlike other institutions, served food mostly to their staff. Among the aforementioned institutions, dervish lodges were the ones to which philanthropists allocated the most food. Dervish lodges were thus were the most important institution in food distribution after the imarets. The support of people called “mürîdîn and muhibbin” was particularly important in the distribution of food by the dervish lodges. Holy days and nights special significance as occasions for serving food in these lodges. Based on data in Tahrir Registers of Istanbul Waqfs dated 1546, this study discusses food waqfs, other than imarets. As this data shows, the philanthropists who donated food to the needy included people of modest means as well as those possessing enormous wealth.
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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