Özet:

The purpose of the article is to study the analysis of economic aspects of buckwheat, Panicum and rice growing and production in Central and Eastern Europe and Ukraine (2016, 2017, 2018). The subject of the study is the market of large crops in Central and Eastern Europe and Ukraine. The study is based on the analysis of statistics of production of buckwheat, rice and Panicum for 2016-2018. It was established that in the current and the previous grain seasons buckwheat was in the list of objects of state regulation that set minimum and maximum intervention prices, which gave grounds to the Agrarian Fund of Ukraine to carry out financial or commodity interventions in case of unfavorable price situation on the market. It is proved that Ukraine has everything that is needed for developing its own rice industry. The favorable natural and climatic conditions of southern Ukraine, the availability of engineered rice irrigation systems, the close cooperation and friendship of the Rice Institute with commodity producer, varieties of domestic breeding, environmentally safe cultivation technology make it possible to obtain high yields. So meteorological and hydrological conditions therefore play an important role in levels of crop production but they also have a knock-on effect on prices through the causal effect of supply and demand. This is true for the EU, as it is across the globe. Of course, with the European Union covering such a large area and including such diverse climates, adverse weather conditions in one region are often offset by optimum conditions in another. However, where the production of certain crops is concentrated in a few regions, the EU production levels will be particularly susceptible to weather conditions as well as to pest attacks. Where known adverse weather conditions have impacted on crop levels this is mentioned. Cereal harvest in the EU higher in 2017 despite drought conditions in many areas of Central and Southern Europe and reduction in cultivated area. Monsoon countries, which due to weather conditions harvest twice a year, do not have much higher and sometimes even lower rice yields than Ukraine does. It is set that despite the difficult weather conditions, the grain industry provides sustainable production, which guarantees the food and economic security of the country. Cereal crops are the basis for the formation and maintenance of the state's strategic food, feed and export balance.

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