Özet:

Abstract The outer walls, which are the visual faces of the cities, communicate with the space formed by the facade and its immediate surroundings. The most important external wall elements Used in facade design that determine the visual communication power are form, material, colour, texture, and occupancy-void (permeability). If the renewal movements are defined under the heading of urban transformation, it is seen that the impact value of the building productions that started and continued in this context have different characteristics than provinces, regions or even districts. Changes especially in the regions which are more preferred for settlement, affirm not only the purpose of durable building production, also the new texture features and building production approaches confirm this. Each residential area tends to show growth and behavioural changes. Although change spreads over time and is more easily accepted when it develops within its natural needs, it may have negative physical consequences when a physical change occurs that does not fully express the need for renewal. In this context, it is thought that the close vicinity of Bağdat Street in Kadıköy district of Istanbul is close to this mentioned rapid change feature. In this context, close vicinity of Bağdat Street, Kadıköy district, where the rate of change and its results are more intense, was chosen as the study area. It is observed that at least one facade of high-rise buildings between Bağdat Avenue and the coastal road within the rapid renewal movements has been constructed as blind (closed) in the last decade. These buildings depending on the size of the parcel they are located generally have different heights ranging from 30 to 60 meters. The fact that at least one facade of a building is completely closed means that a facade ranging between 30-60 meters is completely blind. It is observed that there is a cheaper, more disordered approach in material usage and surface design of these completely closed facades, especially more so than the front facade, which characterizes the entrance to the building, and this approach has started to increase in the new buildings around the buildings with this feature. For the permanent user who lives in the close vicinity of the building or temporary users who use the street; it is seen that it has the potential to reduce the sense of belonging, to create an insecure street, to decrease communication and to decrease neighbourly relations. The hypothesis determined in the framework of the problem mentioned in this study; the question of the effect of this widespread façade design approach on the user of the building and immediate environment includes statistically significant difference in proportion, adaptation, permeability, social status and community features. For this purpose, preliminary examinations were made in the vicinity of Bağdat Avenue in Kadıköy district, according to certain criteria, and the boundaries of the study area were determined. Building selections in residential buildings according to facade design approaches and analysis of selected buildings according to certain criteria were made within the determined borders. The change initiated by the determined façade design approach within the boundaries of the impact area created in the immediate vicinity of the buildings provided some area-specific data. According to this; change of scale, size of structures; scale-ratio, the relationship that this change physically establishes with the existing texture; harmony-balance, not all facades of new buildings establish the same relationship with the buildings in the same building and its immediate surroundings, occupancy-space; permeability, different material selection and use on each facade of new buildings; social status, isolation and alienation created by high[1]rise buildings in the immediate vicinity; community titles were obtained. Five (5) separate questionnaire questions were prepared on these main topics. According to the determined buildings and the results obtained from them, a survey was conducted with close environment users and architects with professional experience. In the residential architecture developed by us, the implications for testing statistical significance for groups determined with the help of correlation analysis, relations and group difference analysis in line with the descriptive statistical information regarding the exterior design perception scale and hypotheses of the study were evaluated. The results show a significant difference between the participant groups. Permanent users, on the other hand, did not answer “I agree” to the proposition of scale as much as the temporary and architectural group. Permanent users, architects, and temporary users, respectively, are most adversely affected by the change.

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