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Tek nüshası (eserin İtalyan kısmı diye adlandırılan ilk 55 yaprağının bir kopyası Biblioteca Medicae Laurenziana Firenze’de bulunmaktadır ) Venedik’teki Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana’daki Codex Cumanicus, hem Türk dili tarihinde Kıpçakçanın en eski örneklerinden olması hem Türkler tarafından geleneksel olarak kullanılan yazıların dışında bir abece ile yazılmış Türk dili örneklerini ihtiva etmesi hem de Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretilmesi süreci açısından çok kıymetli bir eserdir. Defter, Latin (gotik) abeceli (İtalyan kısmı) Latince-Farsça-Kıpçakça ilki abece sırasına göre ikincisi tematik sözcük listeleri ile (Alman kısmı) Kıpçakça-Almanca sözcük listeleri, bazı Katolik ilahiler ve vaazların Kıpçakça tercümeleri ve bir yapraklık Latince (gotik yazı ile) Kıpçakçanın gramerini içerir. Bu bir yapraklık Latince dil bilgisi kuralları Türkçenin ilk Latin abeceli dil bilgisi olarak kabul edilir. Kurallar Türkçenin basit çekimlerini içerir ve devamındaki 65v-65r sayfalarında bu kurallara göre çekimlenmiş Latince-Kıpçakça misallere yer verilir. Modern dil öğretimi ilke ve yöntemlerine göre bu dil bilgisi kuralları geleneksel yaklaşım ile yöntemlerden dil bilgisi-çeviri yöntemine uygun düşmektedir. Bu makalede, Macar bilim adamı Géza Kuun’un 1880’deki Latince neşrinden 2015’te Mustafa Argunşah-Galip Güner tarafından yayımlanan eserin ilk Türkçe neşrine kadar üzerinde çokça yazılan Codex Cumanicus’taki mezkûr dil bilgisi yaprağı ilk defa Türkçe olarak neşredilecek ve modern dil öğretimi yöntemlerine göre değerlendirilecektir.
The only copy (a copy of the first 55 sheets called the Italian part of the work is located in Biblioteca Medicae Laurenziana in Florence) is the Codex Cumanicus in the Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana in Venice, a very valuable work in terms of the process of teaching Turkish as a foreign language, as well as being one of the oldest examples of the Turkish language in the history of the Turkish language, as well as containing examples of the Turkish language written with an abbey outside of the texts used traditionally by the Turkish people. The book contains Latin (Gothic) alphabet (Italian part) Latin-Pharc-Copic first alphabet according to the second with thematic word lists (German part) Copic-German word lists, Copic translations of some Catholic gods and preaches and a sheet of Latin (Gothic writing) Copic grammar. This is a sheet of the Latin language knowledge rules that are considered as the first Latin alphabet language knowledge of Turkish. The rules include the simple Turkish drawings and the following 65v-65r pages include the Latin-Kipchak examples taken according to these rules. According to the principles and methods of modern language teaching, these language knowledge rules fall according to the traditional approach and methods of language knowledge-translation method. In this article, from the Hungarian scientist Géza Kuun's Latin praise in 1880 to the first Turkish praise of the work published by Mustafa Argunşah-Galip Güner in 2015 to the first Turkish praise, the Mescur language knowledge sheet in Codex Cumanicus will first be praised in Turkish and will be evaluated according to the modern language teaching methods.
Codex Cumanicus whose sole copy is in the Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana in Venice (the first 55 sheets of the work named as the Italian part are in the Biblioteca Medicae Laurenziana Firenze ) is a precious work due to the fact that it is one of the oldest examples of Kipchak language and the work is comprised of examples from Turkish language written by Turks with an alphabet different from the writings used traditionally and it is also very valuable with regard to teaching Turkish as a foreign language. The notebook includes Latin-Persian-Kipchak language with Latin (gothic) alphabet (Italian part), the first part is ordered alphabetically and the second part is comprised of thematic wordlists and (German part) wordlists in Kipchak language and German, some Kipchak translations of Catholic chants and sermons and one sheet of the grammar of Kipchak language in Latin (with gothic writing). This one-sheet Latin grammar rules is accepted as the first Turkish grammar source written with the Latin alphabet. The rules include simple inflection of Turkish and Latin-Kipchak examples inflected as per these rules are seen on page 65v-65r . The grammar rules are in parallel with grammar-translation method among traditional approaches and methods according to the rules and methods of modern language teaching. In this paper, aforementioned grammar sheet of Codex Cumanicus, widely studied from its Latin issue by Hungarian scientist Géza Kuun in 1880 to its first Turkish issue published by Mustafa Argunşah-Galip Güner in 2015, will be issued in Turkish for the first time and analyzed in terms of the methods of modern language teaching.
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