Abstract:

Studies on the use of modern agricultural devices and machines in agriculture, which had started at the beginning of the Republic, gained a great speed with the effect of Marshall Plan. The Democratic Party, which associated the development of the country directly with the development of villages and villagers, had come to power in 1950 and gave great importance to agricultural mechanization movement between 1950 and 1960 in order to ensure villagers cultivate with modern techniques. Investments in this field brought results in a short time, cultivated areas expanded and production increased. Besides these, commercial investment, which increased with the use of tractors in villages, developed for the benefit big farmers while agricultural workers, partners that make subsistence farming, tenant farmers etc. They were stuck in a difficult situation; because while landlords needed them before, with the agricultural mechanization, their hand power in agriculture were no more needed. So, there were many villagers all around Anatolia, who were fired from their villages, who became unemployed and who had no land. As a natural result of this situation, rural-urban migration movement began. Another factor that triggered migration movement was the increase in rural-urban relations which -again- started with * This article was completed in the Department of History of the Institute of Social Sciences of the University of Erciyes in the PhD thesis "Democratic Party's Rural Policy 1946-1960" III. The section (Democratic Party's Politics of the Farmers in Agriculture and Animal Industry) is reviewed in the section entitled Mechanization Movement and Results in Agriculture.by Yrd. and do. Dr. Republic University, Faculty of Literature, Department of History, e-mail: [email protected] mechanization movement. Villagers, whose production volume exceeded family business, had to bring their products to the markets in cities and small towns, while many sellers went to villages in order to buy crops. The exchange economy began with agricultural mechanization in villages and some new trade circles emerged. In this paper, it will be attempted to analyze agricultural mechanization movement in the Democratic Party era with the help of archive documents, statistical data and periodicals and results will be presented.

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