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Hadisler zaman, mekân ve kişilere göre kendisine yüklenen anlamlar itibarıyla farklı mütalaa edilebilmiştir. Hz. Peygamber’in dahi şartlar ve şahıslar üzerinden üslubunda farklılaşmaların varlığı aşikârdır. Bunun dışında zamansal değişim Nebî henüz hayattayken bile onun ifadelerinde değişikliklerde bulunmasına neden olmuştur. Bu yorumsal farklılıklar devam eden süreçte, sahâbe ve tâbiûn neslinde artarak sürmüştür. Keza sünnet malzemesinin gerek dinî gerekse sosyal yaşamdaki otoritesi, hayatın her sahasında doğrudan dayanak noktası görülmüştür. Bu zaviyeden makalenin konusu Hz. Peygamber’e ait hadislerin yorumlanmasında, dönemsel şartların tesiri ve sünnetin gücünün bir istimdâd aracı şeklinde kullanılması üzerinedir. Araştırmanın amacı, evrensel hükümler barındıran rivayetler üzerine yapılan değerlendirme ya da izahların her zaman âlemşümul görülemeyeceği ve bahse konu açıklamaların sadece söylendiği dönemin şartlarını yansıtabileceğini gözler önüne sermektir. Keza hadislerin fikirleri şekillendirmesi ve ona yön vermesinin ötesinde, bazen benimsenmiş ön kabullerin rivayetler eliyle söyletilmesi gerçeğinin ortaya konulması hedeflenmektedir. Kapsam ve sınırlılıklar noktasında dönemsel açıdan yirminci yüzyılın ilk çeyreği Osmanlı Devleti tercih edilmiştir. Zira o dönem yaşanılan siyasî, ekonomik ve askerî çalkantılar, rivayetlerin manevî kuvvetinden istifadeye en fazla ihtiyaç duyulan zaman dilimlerindendir. Şahıs itibarıyla gerek dirâyetü’l-hadis, gerek rivâyetü’l hadis ilimleri noktasında yetkinliği, ayrıca devrinde etkin bir role sahip bulunması sebebiyle Babanzâde Ahmed Naim (1872-1934) ismi tercih edilmiştir. Ahmed Naim’in farklı ilmî disiplinlerde birçok çalışması bulunması sebebiyle de onun Sebîlü’r-reşâd Dergisi’nde kaleme aldığı hadis köşe yazıları ile bir tahdide gidilmiştir. Zira bu yazılar dönemin meselelerini doğrudan irdeler mahiyettedirler. Makalede bahse konu dönemde yaşanmış hâdiselerin, hadis yorumlamalarında tesiri ve Müslümanların Hz. Peygamber’in otoritesinden istifade ile istenilen yöne kanalize edildiği varsayımından yola çıkılmıştır. Yöntemsel olarak Ahmed Naim’in kabile asabiyetinden uzak durmak, ümmet bilinci, sünnete bağlılık, batı hayranlığı ve cihad gibi başlıkları neden ve ne denli öncelediği neden-sonuç ilişki ağı üzerinden tümevarımsal bir usul ile ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Keza hâdise-hadis ilişkisinden hareketle her hafta seçilen rivayetler ve o günler içerisinde cereyan eden hâdiseler arasında karşılaştırma yöntemine sıklıkla başvurulmuştur. Çalışma bir motive kaynağı formunda düşünüldüğünde hadislerin konumunu görme, rivayetlere yaklaşımda dış saiklerin etkilerinin boyutlarına işaret etme ve davayı teyit için bir üst makamdan referans göstermenin tesirini Ahmed Naim’in hadis izahları çerçevesinde gözler önüne serme çabası itibarıyla önem arzetmektedir. Son tahlilde Ahmed Naim, yaşadığı dönemde gördüğü ve sorun telakki ettiği temel problemleri –yadırganmayacak bir şekilde– öncelemiş, bu minvalde hadisleri kimi zaman bağlamından da uzaklaştırarak bir motive unsuru ve dayanak noktası kılmış ve muhataplarını da bu minvalde yönlendirmeye gayret göstermiştir. Araştırma rivayet yorumlamalarında dönemsel unsurlar ve kişisel tercihlerin genellenemeyeceği ve sadece yapıldığı zamana hitap edebileceği hususunda veri sunduğu için genel anlamda hadis şerhlerindeki ve güncel hadis yorumlamaları üzerindeki muhtemel problematik alana da işaret etmektedir.
The time, the place, and the people, which they have, and the people, which they have, and the people, which they have, and the people, which they have, and the people, which they have. by Hz. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) is the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and the Prophet (peace be upon him). In addition, the time change has led to a change in his expressions even while he is still alive. This distinction continued in the course of the process, and increased in the generations of Sahaba and Tabiun. The authority of the sanctuary material, whether religious or religious, in social life, has been seen as a direct foundation in every field of life. The subject of this article is: Hz. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) is the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) is the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). The purpose of the study is to suggest that the evaluations or explanations made on the rivies containing universal provisions are not always universally visible and that the statements of the subject can only reflect the conditions of the period in which they were said. Beyond the fact that the Keza hadits shaped the ideas and directed them, it is intended to reveal the fact that sometimes adopted preconceptions are spoken by the hands of the rivayets. In terms of scope and limitations periodically; the first quarter of the twentieth century was preferred by the Ottoman State. For that period, political, economic, and military revolutions are among the time periods that are most needed to take advantage of the spiritual force of the rivals. According to the person, the name was preferred by Babanzâde Ahmed Naim (1872-1934) due to his competence in the point of the sciences of the hadith, and also because he had an effective role in the period. Because Ahmed Naim has many works in different scientific disciplines, he has been on a table with his hadith corner writings in the Sebîlü'r-reşâd magazine. This is the story of the time in which they are directed. In the book, it is written in the Qur’an, in the Qur’an, in the Qur’an, in the Qur’an, in the Qur’an, in the Qur’an, in the Qur’an. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said that he had been sent to the way he wanted. Methodically, Ahmed Naim has been attempted to reveal the headlines such as to stay away from the tribal assabity, the awareness of the nation, the devotion to the Sunnah, the Western admiration and the jihad, and how much it predicts through the cause-resultate relationship network by a thumbnail procedure. It is often applied to the method of comparison between the trials selected every week and the trials that occur during those days. The study emphasizes the importance of seeing the position of the hadiths when considered in the form of a motivation source, indicating the dimensions of the effects of the external facts in the approach to the rivates and referring from a top authority to confirm the case in the framework of the hadith explanations of Ahmed Naim. In the final assessment, Ahmed Naim has anticipated the basic problems he has seen in the period of his life and the problem he has had - in an unbearable way - and sometimes removing these minvalde events from the context has made it a motivation element and a foundation point, and he has tried to guide his interlocutors in this minval. The research also indicates the potential problematic area in the general sense of the hadith and on the current hadith interpretations, because it provides data on the periodic elements and personal preferences that cannot be generalized and can only address the time it is done.
Hadiths; can be evaluated differently according to time, place, and people. It is clear that even the Prophet had differences in his expressions according to conditions and individuals. Apart from this, this time-dependent change caused the Prophet to make changes in his expressions even when he was still alive. These interpretive changes continued to increase in the generation of Companions and Tābiūn. In addition, the authority of the sunnah, which exists in both religious and social life, has been seen as a fulcrum in every field of life. From this point of view, the subject of the article is about the influence of periodic conditions in the interpretation of the hadiths of the Prophet and the use of the power of the sunnah as a tool of istimdād. The aim of the research is to reveal that the evaluations made on the rumors that contain universal provisions cannot always be universal and that the explanations in question can only reflect the conditions of the period in which they were said. Likewise, beyond the fact that hadiths guide people's ideas, it is aimed to reveal the fact that sometimes the presuppositions are shown as if they were in the narrations. In terms of scope and limitations the Ottoman Empire in the first quarter of the twentieth century was preferred. Because the political, economic and military turmoils experienced at that time are among the time periods when the spiritual power of the narrations is most needed. The name Babanzāde Ahmed Naim (1872-1934) was preferred because he was well-equipped in both "dirayah al-hadith" and "rivayah al-hadith" sciences and also had an active role in his era. Since Ahmed Naim has many works in different scientific disciplines, a limitation has been made on the hadith articles he wrote in the "Sabil al-Rashad" Journal. Because these articles deal directly with the problems of the period. The article is based on the assumption that the events that took place in the aforementioned period had an impact on the interpretation of hadith and that Muslims were channeled in the desired direction by taking advantage of the authority of the Prophet. Methodically, in this study, it has been tried to reveal why and to what extent Ahmed Naim prioritized the titles such as staying away from tribalism, awareness of the ummah, devotion to the sunnah, admiration for the west, and jihad, through the cause-effect relationship, with an inductive method. In addition, based on the event-hadith relationship, the method of comparison between the narrations selected every week and the events that took place during those days was frequently used. The study is important in terms of its effort to see the position of hadiths when considered as a source of motivation, to point out the dimensions of the effects of external motives in approaching the narrations, and to reveal the effect of citing a reference from a higher authority to confirm the case within the framework of Ahmed Naim's hadith explanations. As a result, Ahmed Naim prioritized the main problems that he witnessed during his lifetime and that he considered a problem, in this way, he made the hadiths a motivational factor by sometimes taking them out of their context and endeavoring to direct his interlocutors in this way. The research also points to the possible problematic area on hadith commentaries and current hadith interpretations in general, as it gives information that periodical elements and personal preferences cannot be generalized in narration interpretations and can only address the time in which they were made.
Alan : İlahiyat
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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