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İnsanoğlu, dünyada var oluşuyla birlikte hastalık olgusuyla karşılaşmış ve sağlığını korumak için sürekli olarak farklı tedavi yöntemleri geliştirme arayışına girmiştir. Son birkaç yüzyıla kadar uygulanan geleneksel tedavi yöntemleri, toplumlara göre farklılaşsalar da daha çok tecrübeye dayalı olmaları ve metafizik olguları da kapsamaları yönüyle birbirleriyle benzeşmektedir. Modern tıp anlayışının ortaya çıkmasıyla, geleneksel tedavi yöntemleri büyük ölçüde bir kenara bırakılmış ve hatta pek çoğunun yanlış ve zararlı olduğu tartışılmıştır. Ancak geleneksel tedavi yöntemlerinin pek çoğu kültürel aktarım yoluyla nesilden nesile aktarılarak toplumların farklı kesimlerinde uygulanmaya devam etmiştir. Günümüzde bu tedavi yöntemlerinin bir kısmının faydalı olabileceği yeniden tartışılmaya başlamış ve bu bağlamda, geleneksel tedavi yöntemlerinin bir kısmı bilimsel olarak da kabul görmeye başlamıştır. Bu araştırmada, Türk toplumunda geleneksel tedavi yöntemlerinin faydasına inanma ve bu yöntemlere başvurma örüntülerinin neler olduğu incelenmektedir. Araştırmanın giriş kısmında, ilgili literatür taranarak konu ile ilgili genel bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Uygulamalı araştırma bölümünde ise geleneksel tedavi yöntemlerinin faydasına inanma ve geleneksel tedavi yöntemlerini uygulama ile ilgili 13’er sorudan oluşan iki ölçek 400 kişiden oluşan bir örneklem grubuna uygulanarak elde edilen bulgular Faktör Analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Her iki ölçekten elde edilen 4 alt boyutla ilgili ayrıntılı değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Geleneksel tedavi yöntemleri içerisinde hem inanç ve hem de uygulama boyutunda en yüksek faktör yüküne sahip olan uygulamaların Hacamat ve Sülük tedavisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İnanç boyutunda, en düşük faktör yüküne sahip olan öğe Doktora gitmeden tavsiye üzerine eczaneden ilaç almak olmuştur. Uygulama boyutunda ise en düşük faktör yüküne sahip olan öğe Bitkisel ilaçla tedavi olmak olmuştur. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda, inanç boyutu söz konusu olduğunda geleneksel tedavi yöntemlerini benimsemede fayda ve bilimselliğin ön plana çıktığı, uygulama boyutunda ise kolay erişilebilirlik, düşük maliyet vb. farklı hususların da etkili olduğu tespiti yapılmıştır.
The human son, with its existence in the world, has encountered the phenomenon of disease and has continuously sought to develop different methods of treatment to preserve his health. Traditional therapeutic methods that have been applied for the past several centuries are more similar to each other in the way they are based on experience and cover the metaphysical facts. With the emergence of modern medicine, traditional therapeutic methods have been largely abandoned and many of them have even been discussed as wrong and harmful. However, many of the traditional therapeutic methods have continued to be transmitted from generation to generation through cultural transmission in different sections of societies. Today, it has begun to be re-debate that some of these therapeutic methods may be useful, and in this context, some of the traditional therapeutic methods have begun to be scientifically accepted. This study examines what are the examples of believing in the benefits of traditional therapeutic methods in the Turkish society and applying to these methods. In the initial section of the study, a general assessment of the subject was made by scanning the relevant literature. In the Applied Research section, the findings obtained by applying a sample group of two scales consisting of 13 questions concerning the benefit of traditional therapeutic methods and the application of traditional therapeutic methods were assessed by Factor Analysis. Detailed assessments were made on the four sub-dimensions obtained from both scales. In the traditional methods of treatment, the applications that have the highest factor burden in both the size of faith and application have been identified as the treatment of Hassam and Sülük. In the size of the belief, the item that has the lowest factor burden has been to take the drug from the pharmacy on the advice of the doctor before going to the doctor. In the size of the application, the item with the lowest factor load was to be treated with herbal medication. According to these findings, when it comes to the size of the belief, it is beneficial to the adoption of traditional therapeutic methods and the science is in the forefront, and in the size of the application, it is easy to access, low cost, etc. It is also found that different aspects are effective.
With its existence in the world, human beings have encountered the phenomenon of disease and have constantly sought to develop different treatment methods to protect their health. Traditional treatment methods which applied until the last few centuries, although they differ according to the societies, are similar to each other in the way that they are mostly based on experience and include metaphysical phenomena. With the emergence of modern medical understanding, traditional treatment methods have been largely abandoned and even argued that many of them are wrong and harmful. However, many of the traditional treatment methods continued to be applied in different segments of societies by being passed down from generation to generation through cultural transmission. Today, it has begun to be discussed again that some of these treatment methods may be beneficial, and in this context, some of the traditional treatment methods have started to be scientifically accepted. In this study, the patterns of believing in the benefits of traditional treatment methods and using these methods in Turkish society are examined. In the introduction part of the study, a general evaluation was made by scanning the relevant literature. In the applied research part, the findings obtained by applying two scales consisting of 13 questions about believing the benefits of traditional treatment methods and applying traditional treatment methods to a sample group of 400 people were evaluated with Factor Analysis. Detailed evaluations were made on 4 sub-dimensions obtained from both scales. It has been determined that among traditional treatment methods, Cupping therapy and Leech therapy have the highest factor load in both belief and practice dimensions. In the belief dimension, the component with the lowest factor load was buying drugs from the pharmacy upon recommendation without going to a doctor. In the application dimension, the item with the lowest factor load was treatment with herbal medicine. These results show that when it comes to the dimension of belief, the benefit and scientificity are at the forefront in adopting traditional treatment methods, while in the application dimension, different issues such as easy accessibility, low cost, etc. are also effective.
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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