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Ebû İsḥâk eş-Şîrâzî ve en-Nüket fî’l-mesâil’il-muḫtelef fîhâ beyne’ş-Şâfiʿî ve Ebî Ḥanîfe İsimli Kitabı
2022
Journal:  
Tokat İlmiyat Dergisi
Author:  
Abstract:

Hayatla iç içe olan İslâm Fıkhı, hüccet teşkil edecek derecede kıymetli fakihlerimizin kıymetli kitapları ile zenginleşmiş bir temele sahiptir. Ve bu temelin en önemli bölümlerinden biri de, Imam Ebu Hanife ve İmam Eş-Şâfiî arasındaki ihtilaflı meselelerdir. Abbâsîlerin son üç ḫalifesi ve Selçuklular döneminde yaşamış, meşhûr Baġdat Niẓâmiyye medrsesinde uzun seneler müderrislik yapmış, elli seneye yakın fetva görevi ile hizmet vermiş, İmam Muḥyiddîn En-Nevevî, Es-Semʿânî, Es-Ṣafedî, El-Yâfʿî, İbn Ḫallikân, Ez-Zehebî, El-İsnevî gibi büyük alimlerin övgülerine mazhâr olmuş, Şafiî mezhebinin en önemli isimlerinden İbrâhim b. Ali, Ebû İshâk Eş-Şîrâzî, «En-Nüket Fî’l-Mesâil’il-muḫtelef fîhâ beyne’ş-Şâfiʿî ve Ebî Ḥanîfe» isimli eseri ile, İslâm Fıkhı’na büyük hizmette bulunmuştur. Söz konusu kitap, pek çok yönüyle önem arzetmektedir. En önemli özelliklerinden birincisi, El-Ḳâḍı Ebû Muhammed El-Beyḍâvî, Ahmed b. Muhammed El-Ḫavârizmî El-Burḳânî, El-Ḥasen b. Ebî Bekr El-Bezzâz, El-Ḳâḍî Ebû’t-Ṭîb Et-Ṭaberî, El-Kerḫı gibi büyük alimlerden ders almış, El-Ḥatîb El-Baġdâdî, Süleymân b. Ḫalef El-Bâcî, Ebû’l-Ḳâsım El-Ḫırâkî gibi değerli pek çok talebe yetiştirmiş olan, kendi asrında hucccet kabul edilen, uzak beldelerden pek çok ilim ehlinin ulaşıp kendisinden ilim almak istediği, Şâfiʿî mezhebinin önde gelen büyük fakihlerinden olan İmâm-ı Ebû İsḥâḳ Eş-Şîrâzî’nin (ö.476/1083) eseri olması; ikincisi, söz konusu kitabın, fıkıh ilminin gelişmesi ve günümüz meselelerine ışık tutması açısından önem arzeden mukayeseli fıkıh alanında te’lif edilmiş olması; üçüncüsü, bu esere âit maḫṭûṭalardan/yazma eserlerden birinin müellifin vefâtından on sene önce yazılmış olması sebebiyle son derece kıymet arzetmesi; dördüncüsü, bu eserin, büyük müctehid imamlardan olan, iki büyük zâtın -Nuʿman b. Sâbit Ebu Ḥanîfe ve Muhammed b. İdrîs Eş-Şâfiʿî’nin- aralarında iḫtilaf ettikleri önemli meseleleri içeriyor olması; beşincisi, içeriği, metodu, delilleri, istinbâtı ve diğer bazı özelliklerinin günümüz fıkıh meselelerine temel teşkil edebilecek nitelikte olması.. Bu zikredilen özelliklerin yanısıra, kitabın aslî yazma nüshâlarına ulaşma ve inceleme hususundaki gayretimiz, eseri, en doğru ve güvenilir şekilde tanıma ve tanıtma fırsatı verdi. Bu makalede, İstanbul’da üçüncü Ahmed kütüphanesinde bulduğum en kıymetli maḫṭûṭa/yazma nüshasının ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Massachusetts Eyaletinin Boston şehri kütüphanesinde bulunan, mikrofilim olarak Mekke Ümmü'l-Kurâ üniversitesi kütüphanesinden elde ettiğim ikinci nüshasının tanıtımını içermektedir. Maḫṭûṭalarını karşılaştırarak, ilk bölümü üzerine tahkik çalışması yapmış olmam, bu kitabı daha iyi tanımama ve olumlu olumsuz taraflarına vakıf olmama vesile oldu. Bu makalede zikri geçen diğer bazı hususlar; kitabın ünvânının ve müellife âit olduğunun ispatı; müellifin «En-Nüket» isimli ikinci bir eserinde söz konusu kitabını iḫtiṣar ettiği; bazılarının bu¬¬ iki eseri aynı eser olarak algılayarak hataya düştüğü; müellifin, eserinde izlediği üslûb/metod; müellifin, ilmî münâḳaşa ve münâzarada sergilediği âdâb ve diğerleri. Kitabın sadece olumlu yönleri değil, olumsuz yönlerine dâir de bazı hususlar makalede beyan edilmiştir. Bunlar, Hanefî ve Şâfiʿî mezhepleri arasındaki iḫtilafı ortaya koyan bu meselelerin bazılarında, mesele başlıklarının konuyu tam yansıtmaması, alakası olmayan başka mevzûların anlaşılmasına ihtimal vermesi; bazı mevzûlarda, vârid vecihleri ve görüşleri zikretmekle beraber, râcih olanı beyan etmemesi; bazı mevzûlarda zayıf hadislerle istidlâl etmesi.. Büyük şafiî âlimi Ebû İshâk Eş-Şîrâzî ve en önemli kitaplarından birinin tanıtımını içeren bu makale, yazarın ve eserinin özel oluşunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu ṣitibarla, ilim ehlini, bu kıymetli esere yönlendirmesi bakımından da faydalı olacaktır.

Keywords:

The Book of the Holy Spirit and the Book of the Holy Spirit and the Book of the Holy Spirit and the Book of the Holy Spirit and the Book of the Holy Spirit and the Book of the Holy Spirit.
2022
Author:  
Abstract:

The Islamic Phuket, which is inherent in life, has a wealthy foundation with the precious books of our precious fakihs that will form hassle. And one of the most important parts of this foundation is the controversial issues between Imam Abu Hanife and Imam Eş-Şâfiî. Three years ago, the people of the world had been in the midst of the world, and the people of the world had been in the midst of the world, and the people of the world had been in the midst of the world, and the people of the world had been in the midst of the world, and the people of the world had been in the midst of the world, and the people of the world had been in the midst of the world, and the people of the world had been in the midst of the world, and the people of the world had been in the midst of the world, and the people of the world had been in the midst of the world, and the people of the world had been in the midst of the world. The book is important in many ways. In the words of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). In the words of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, “The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, ‘The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, ‘The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, ‘The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, ‘The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, ‘The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, ‘The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, ‘The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said In addition to these mentioned characteristics, our efforts to reach and review the original text of the book gave us the opportunity to recognize and promote the work in the most accurate and reliable way. This article includes the most valuable maṭûṭa/writing nishah I found in the third Ahmed library in Istanbul and the second nishah I obtained from the University Library of Mecca as a microfilm, located in the Boston City Library of the United States of Massachusetts. In comparison with the Maṭûṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭṭ In this book, the book is written in the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and in the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) in the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) in the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) in the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). Not only the positive aspects of the book, but also the negative aspects of the book are stated in the article. In the words of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, “The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, ‘The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, ‘The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, ‘The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, ‘The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, ‘The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, ‘The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, ‘The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said It will also be useful for the knowledge of the people to guide them to this valuable work.

Keywords:

Abū İsḥāq Al-shīrāzī and His Book «an-nukat Fī Al-masāil Al-mukḫtalaf Fīhā Bayna Ash-shāfiʿī Wa Abī Hanīfa
2022
Author:  
Abstract:

Islamic Fiqh, which is inseparable from life, has a foundation enriched with the precious books of our jurists, which are valuable enough to constitute a proof. The most active section of the science of Fiqh is issues in which a dispute occurred between Abū Ḥanīfa and al- al-Shāfiʿī. Abū Isḥāq al-Shīrāzī al-Shāfiʿī, who lived at the end of the three ʿAbbāsid caliphs and the Seljuk era, worked as a professor at the famous al-Niẓāmiyya madrasa in Baghdad for many years, then as a mufti for nearly fifty years, and was praised by senior scholars such as Imām Muḥyiddin al-Nawawī, al-Samʿānī, al-Safadī, al-Yāfi’ī Khallikān, Al-Dhahabī and Al-Asnawӯ, which is considered one of the most important names of the Shāfiʿī school of thought, has served Islamic jurisprudence with his book “Jokes in the Matters in Disagreement Between Shāfiʿī and Abū Ḥanīfa.” This book is important in many ways. One of the most important features is that he took lessons from great scholars such as Qāḍī Abū Muḥammed Baydāwī, Aḥmed b. Muḥammed al-Khwārizmī al-Burḳānī, al-Ḥasan b. Abū Bakr al-Bazzāz, al-Qāḍī Abū'l Ṭayyeb Ṭabarī. He also trained many valuable students such as al-Karkhī, Al-Kḫatib al-Baghdādī, Sulaymān ibn Kḫalaf al-Bājī, Abū’l-Kāsim al-Khraqī. As well, the fact that its author was Imām Abū Isḥāq al-Shīrāzī, who is considered an argument in his time and is intended by many scholars. It is the work of Imām Abū Isḥāq al-Shīrāzī (d.476/1083), one of the leading jurists of the Shāfiʿī sect, from whom many scholars from distant lands wanted to reach and learn from. The second is that it is a book on Comparative Fiqh, which is important in terms of the development of fiqh and shedding light on today's issues. The third, one of the manuscripts belonging to this work is extremely valuable since it was written ten years before the death of the author and it contains important issues on which two of the most eminent imams and scholars differed -Abū Ḥanīfa and al- Shāfiʿī. Fourth, this work contains important issues that two great people, who are among the great mujtahid imams, had their disagreements, -Abū Ḥanīfa al-Nuʿmān ibn Thābit and Muḥammad ibn Idrīs al-Shāfiʿī-. The fifth is the fact that its content, style, evidence, proof, and other features are of a nature that could form the basis of contemporary Fiqh issues. In addition to these mentioned features, our effort to reach and examine the original manuscript copies of the book gave us the opportunity to recognize and introduce the work in the most accurate and reliable way. This article includes the introduction of the most precious manuscript/writing copy that I found in the Ahmed III library in Istanbul, and the second copy that I obtained from the library of the University of Makkah Umm al- Qurā as a microfilm, which is also in the library of the city of Boston, Massachusetts State of the United States. The fact that I did an investigation on the first part of the manuscript by comparing them helped me to know this book better and to have a good understanding of its positive and negative sides. Some other issues mentioned in this article; proof of the title of the book and that it belongs to the author, the author summarized the book in question in a second work called "Al-Nukat" and some made a mistake by perceiving these two works as the same work, the essay also includes the author's style/method of work, which presents the author's creation and literature in scholarly debates and debates. Not only the positive aspects of the book, but also some aspects of the negative aspects are stated in the article. For example, in some of these issues that reveal the conflict between the Ḥanafī and Shāfiʿī sects, the titles of the issues do not fully reflect the subject, making it possible to understand other issues that are not related. At the same time, he did not mention in some cases the likely viewpoint among the viewpoints he mentioned. This article includes the definition of the author Abū Isḥāq al-Shīrāzī al-Shāfiʿī and his book mentioned. This article, which highlights the distinction between the author and his book, is useful in directing scholars to this work and its.

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Tokat İlmiyat Dergisi

Field :   Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler

Journal Type :   Ulusal

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Tokat İlmiyat Dergisi