Özet:

In this study, we will try to describe the understanding of wisdom and virtue in the context of the moral philosophy in the classical Turkish thought period. In Platon and Aristotle, the first major system philosophers in the history of philosophy, the moral philosophy was basically embedded with the sense of virtue. According to this, the personality of man is based on the mind, and the morality is achieved by controlling the other forces, such as the desires and passions of the spirit, under the guidance of the mind. For whether virtues are perceived as holistic realities, as in Platon, they are perceived as values that have social origins, as in Aristotle, they represent a relationship of the kind that the mind is subject to the rule. The Turkish thought, as seen in the example of Hoca Ahmed Yesevi, has placed a moral understanding based on wisdom in the center of the philosophy in a way that will exceed the understanding of virtue-centric values. We say in the way to go, because the understanding of virtues is not entirely wrong, but is missing; that means to miss the essence by focusing on the skin. Therefore, the difference here is the vital difference between philosophy and wisdom, how and why questions. This study will point out how the differences between a wisdom-based morality and the world of moral values-based virtue are and how it reflects it to the present day. The wisdom is the goodness, the goodness is the goodness, the goodness is the goodness. In the morality, happiness of self is the priority. The righteousness is only a righteousness. This is a must of wisdom. In the morality there is self-control. The control of the ego is, in the end, a behavior made for the ego. Wisdom means wisdom, truth and mercy for the minds. Wisdom reveals the metaphysical and spiritual dimension of our faith and morality. It sends us to the truth to live in truth and honesty. The wisdom gives meaning and purpose to what we do, and today we need to re-discover this understanding of wisdom.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Özet:

In this paper, the understanding of wisdom and virtue in the context of moral philosophy in classical Turkish thought will be described. In Plato and Aristotle who are the first great system philosophers in the history of philosophy, moral philosophy is embellished with a sense of virtue. Accordingly, the essence of man is based on the mind and morality is realized by controlling the other abilities of the soul such as desires and passions under the guidance of the mind. Because whether virtues are conceived as holistic truths like in Plato, or as values having social origins, such as Aristotle, they represent a kind of relationship to reason. As in the case of Khoja Ahmad Yasawi, he has placed the wisdom-based understanding of morality at the center of his philosophy to overcome virtue-centered values. We call it transcendent, because the understanding of virtue is not entirely wrong, but incomplete; this means focusing on the shell to miss the essence. So the distinction here is about the vital difference between philosophy and wisdom, between question of how and why. In this study, the differences between a wisdom-centered morality and a world of virtue-centered moral values and their reflections to today will be discussed. Consolation/satisfaction/happiness/consent in wisdom morality are the highest aims. However, in the morality of virtue, the happiness of self/ego has priority. Priority of self is only by purifying the self; this is a requirement of wisdom morality. In virtue ethics, there is self-control but controlling ego is ultimately a behavior for the ego. Wisdom means understanding, truth and compassion for the minds. Wisdom reveals the metaphysical and spiritual dimensions of our faith and morality. It leads us to the truth so that we can live in integrity and honesty. Wisdom gives meaning and purpose to what we do, and today we need to rediscover this understanding of wisdom.