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Sinema hem sanatsal hem de ticari yönü ile 20. yüzyılın en önemli kitle iletişim araçlarından biridir. Adorno’un ifadesiyle kitle endüstrisinin en hızlı taşıyıcısı olan sinema, 1895 yılında Paris’te yapılan ilk gösteriminden bugüne pek çok kriz yaşamıştır. Savaşlar, hastalıklar, ekonomik ve siyasi tartışmalar, toplumsal olaylar sinemanın yapısını etkilemiştir. Tüm olumsuzluklara rağmen sinema sınırlı imkanlar dahilinde de olsa gelişimini sürdürmüştür. Ancak dünyayı etkisi altına alan Covid-19 virüsü, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün pandemi ilan etmesi ile birlikte tüm endüstrileri durdurma noktasına getirmiştir. Bu süreçten en çok etkilenen endüstrilerden biri de sinema endüstrisi olmuştur. Ülkelerin karantina sürecine girmesi ve sosyal yaşama kısıtlamalar, yasaklar getirmesi, sinema endüstrisinin de özellikle yapım (üretim) ve dağıtım/gösterim aşamalarını sekteye uğratmıştır. Çekilmekte olan projelere ara verilmiş, çekim aşamasındakiler durdurulmuş, sinema salonları kapatılmış, gösterimler iptal edilmiş ya da ertelenmiştir. Sektörün aktif olduğu bir dönemde gerçekleşen kriz, hem sinema çalışanlarını hem yapım şirketlerini hem dağıtım şirketlerini hem de seyircileri etkilemiştir. Covid-19 krizinin bütün dünyayı eş zamanlı olarak etkisi altına alması, sinema endüstrilerinin diğer ülke sinema endüstrilerinden destek almasını da engellemiştir. 2005 sonrası yükselişe geçen Türk sinema endüstrisi yapısal sorunları ile birlikte karşılaştığı Covid-19 krizi ile derinden sarsılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Covid-19 sonrası dünya ve Türk sinema endüstrileri genelinde belgesel kaynak taraması yapılarak Türk Sineması özelinde yaşanan gelişmeler, sinema değerler zinciri bağlamında betimsel analiz yöntemiyle incelenmektedir. Covid-19’un sinemada meydana getirdiği kriz, Türk Sineması’nda yaşanan gelişmeler, sorunlar ve çözüm yolları ile birlikte tartışılmaktadır.
Cinema is one of the most important means of public communication of the 20th century with both the artistic and commercial aspects. The film, which is the fastest carrier in the mass industry by Adorno, has experienced many crises since its first show in Paris in 1895. Wars, diseases, economic and political discussions, social events have affected the structure of the cinema. Despite all the disadvantages, the cinema has continued to develop even within limited possibilities. However, the Covid-19 virus, which has affected the world, has brought all industries to a stop point with the World Health Organization’s declaration of a pandemic. One of the most influenced industries of this process was the film industry. The country’s entry into the quarantine process and social life restrictions, prohibitions, and the film industry, especially the production (production) and distribution/showing stages have been subjected to the sector. The project was interrupted, the filming was stopped, the cinema was closed, the shows were cancelled or delayed. The crisis occurring during a period in which the industry was active has affected both the film workers and the production companies and the distribution companies and the audience. The Covid-19 crisis has simultaneously affected the whole world, and has also prevented the film industry from receiving support from the other country’s film industries. The Turkish film industry, which has risen since 2005, has been deeply shocked by the Covid-19 crisis, which is faced with structural problems. In this study, Covid-19 followed the world and the Turkish film industry through documentary resource scan, the developments in the Turkish Film industry are studied by the visual analysis method in the context of the film values chain. Covid-19’s crisis in the cinema is discussed along with the developments, problems and ways to solve the Turkish cinema.
Cinema is one of the most important mass media in the 20th century with its artistic and commercial aspects. Cinema, which is the fastest carrier of the mass industry with the words of Adorno, has experienced many crises since its first show in Paris in 1895. Wars, diseases, economic and political debates, social events have affected the structure of the cinema. Despite all the negativities, cinema continued its development, albeit within limited possibilities. However, the Covid-19 virus, which has influenced the world, has brought all industries to a halt with the announcement of the World Health Organization as a pandemic. One of the industries most affected by this process was the cinema industry. The countries entering the quarantine process and imposing restrictions, prohibitions on social life have also disrupted the production (production) and distribution / screening stages of the cinema industry. The projects being taken were interrupted, those in the shooting phase were stopped, movie theaters were closed, screenings were canceled or postponed. The crisis that took place in an active period of the sector affected both cinema workers, production companies, distribution companies and audiences. The simultaneous influence of the Covid-19 crisis all over the world prevented the cinema industries from receiving support from other country cinema industries. The Turkish Cinema industry, which started to rise after 2005, was deeply shaken by the Covid-19 crisis it faced with its structural problems. In this study, after Covid-19, documentary sources are scanned across the world and Turkish cinema industries, and developments in Turkish Cinema are analyzed with the descriptive analysis method within the context of cinema value chain. The crisis caused by Covid-19 in cinema is discussed with the developments, problems and solutions in Turkish Cinema.
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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