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Atatürk, Türklerin dünya tarihindeki yerinin tespit edilebilmesi için, Türk tarihini belgelere dayandırarak, gerçeğin dışına çıkılmadan araştırılmasını istemiştir. Yapılan çalışmalar sonrasında Türklerin dünya üzerinde tarihten önce ve tarihî devirlerde farklı toplumlar, medeniyetler hatta devletler kurdukları ve kendi dönemlerindeki diğer toplum, medeniyet ve devletleri etkiledikleri belgelerle ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Nitekim bu çalışmalar neticesinde ortaya çıkan “Türk Tarih Tezi”nde, Sümerlerin Altaylardan ayrılarak Mezopotamya’ya yerleştikleri ve Türk oldukları görüşü ortaya atılmıştır. Buna karşılık son yıllarda araştırmacıların üzerinde durduğu -Türklerin ilk ata yurdunun Altaylar değil Ön Asya olduğunu öne süren- “Urmu Teorisi”nde, Urmu Gölü etrafında yaşayan Proto Türklerin MÖ 4000-2000’lerde Sümerlerle komşu oldukları ve bu komşuluk neticesinde birbirleriyle etkileşimde bulundukları görüşü de ortaya atılmıştır. Ortaya atılan bu tezler ve Sümerlerin dillerinin Ural-Altay dillerine benzemesi, arkeolojik bulgular, yer adları ile kültürel benzerlikler araştırmacıları Sümer-Türk ilişkisini değerlendirmeye itmiştir. Pek çok araştırmacı, arkeolojik kazılar neticesinde bulunan Sümer tabletlerinden hareketle dillerini, yer adlarını, kral adlarını ve kültür izlerini Türklerinki ile kıyaslamışlardır. Yapılan karşılaştırmalar sonucunda elde edilen değerlendirmeler Sümerlerin Türklerle akraba olabileceği ya da komşuluk ilişkisi içerisinde birbirlerini etkilemiş olabilecekleri gibi görüşleri destekler nitelikte olmuştur. Biz de bu çalışma ile Sümer destanı Gılgamış ve Altay-Türk destanı Maaday-Kara’yı karşılaştırarak aralarında yukarıda işaret edildiği şekilde bir ilişkinin olup olmadığını ortaya koymaya çalıştık.
Ataturk, in order to identify the place of the Turks in the world history, requested that the Turkish history be investigated without being exhausted by documents. After the studies made, the Turkish people on the world before history and in historical periods were attempted to reveal with documents that different societies, civilizations and even states were established and influenced by other societies, civilizations and states in their own periods. Indeed, in the "Turkish History Thesis" that arose as a result of these studies, the view of the Sumers to settle in Mesopotamia and to be Turkish was revealed. In the “Urmu Theory” which the researchers stand on in recent years – which suggests that the first horse home of the Turks is the Altaians, not the East Asia – the view that the Proto Turks living around the Lake of Urmu in the 4000-2000 BC were neighbors with the Sumers and that they were interacting with each other as a result of this neighborship is also revealed. These dissertations and the similarity of the Sumer languages to the Ural-Altay languages, archaeological findings, land names and cultural similarities have pushed researchers to evaluate the Sumer-Turkish relationship. Many researchers have compared their languages, land names, king names and cultural traces with the Turkish from the Sumer tablets found as a result of archaeological excavations. The assessments obtained as a result of the comparisons have been supporting the views that the Sumers may be relatives with the Turks or that they may have affected each other in their neighbourhood relationships. We also tried to see if there was a relationship between the Sumer and the Altay-Turkish and the Maaday-Kara, compared with this study.
In order to determine the place of the Turks in world history, Atatürk wanted Turkish history to be based on the documents and investigated without going out of reality. With the researches conducted, it has been tried to put forward with the documents that the Turks have established different societies, civilizations and even states in the world before and in the historical periods and affected other societies, civilizations and states in their period. In fact, it was suggested in “Turkish History Thesis” which emerged as a result of these studies that the Sumerians were separated from the Altars and settled in Mesopotamia and they were Turks. On the other hand, in Urmu Theory, which suggests that the first homeland of the Turks, which the researchers have emphasized in recent years, is not the Altai but the Front Asia, it is also claimed that the Proto Turks living around Lake Urmu were the neighbours with the Sumerians in the 4000-2000 BC and interacted with each other as a result of this neighbourhood. In addition to these theses, the similarity of Sumerian languages to Ural-Altaic languages, archaeological findings, place names and cultural similarities have led researchers to evaluate the Sumerian-Turkish relationship. Many researchers have compared their languages, place names, king names and cultural traces with those of the Turks as a result of the Sumerian tablets found in archaeological excavations. The evaluations obtained as a result of these comparisons have supported the views as Sumerians may be related to Turks or may have influenced each other in a neighbourhood relationship. In this study, we tried to compare the Sumerian epic Gilgamesh and Altay-Turkic epic Maaday-Kara and to determine whether there is a relation between them as mentioned above.
Field : Filoloji; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Ulusal
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