Özet:

There is a unipolarization tendency in the international system after the Cold War. However, the distribution of power between states gains importance and the difference between the relatively balanced distribution of this power and its concentration comes to the forefront. This difference is very important for the stability of the international system. China, which was ruled with socialism for a long time after its establishment, achieved a sustainable growth rate in 1978-2018 despite some disruptions under the leadership of Deng Xioping. The main reason for this success is that Deng Xiaoping has followed liberal policies that support foreign direct investment. In addition, low costs, cheap labor, high government incentives and the creation of a cleverly designed technological and innovative structure have a large share in the economic development process in China. In other words, China’s rise in market reforms and participation in the World Trade Organization can be considered as a milestone. This success sets a precedent for developing countries. For this reason, this study examines the reasons for the rise of China and seeks to answer the question of how the country seizes comparative advantage in international trade. In doing so, China’s structural and economic transformation process is examined through its historical connections. Therefore this study, which emphasized economic and structural changes in China in the period BC 221-2018, is expected to contribute to the literature. The findings of the research show that China has experienced great fluctuations in the historical process from time to time and became the second-largest economy in the world with "Market Reforms". In addition, China attends great importance to R & D activities and human capital investments

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