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XVI. yüzyılda yapılan Kafkasya ve Gürcistan seferleri sonucunda Osmanlı Devleti hâkimiyeti altına girmiş olan Batum, XVIII. yüzyılda Rusya ve İran arasındaki mücadele sahalarından biri olmuştur. Rusya’nın, Karadeniz kıyılarında Osmanlı Devleti’ne ait Faş, Anapa ve Kemhal gibi önemli kaleleri ele geçirmesinden sonra Batum ön plana çıkmıştır. Osmanlı Devleti için Rusya ile mücadelede bir set işlevi gören Batum Sancağı liman, kale ve her daim yenilenen ulaşım ağıyla askeri ve siyasi bakımdan dönemin önemli sınır şehirlerinden biri olmuştur. Osmanlı Devleti, XVIII. yüzyılda Karadeniz limanlarından Kafkasya’ya taşınan her türlü zahire ve mühimmatı sahip olduğu Batum sancağı yolu ile aktarmaktaydı. Ancak bölgenin İstanbul’a uzaklığı bu anlamda bir takım sıkıntıları da beraberinde getirmekteydi. Nitekim fethedildiği ilk dönemlerden itibaren tam hâkimiyet sağlanamamış olan Batum’da bir otorite boşluğu ve devlet görevlilerinin ihmalleri söz konusuydu. Karadeniz iskelelerinden Kafkasya’ya zahire taşıyan gemilerin güzergâhı olan bölgede eşkıya unsurunun varlığı bu nakliyeye büyük engel teşkil etmekteydi. Osmanlı Devleti, bu engeli ortadan kaldırmak amacıyla XVIII. yüzyıl boyunca lojistik ikmal merkezi ve askeri tahkimat bölgesi olan Batum dâhilinde nüfuzlu ailelere kimi zaman idari anlamda bir takım ayrıcalıklar vermek zorunda kalmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra bölgede eşkıya ile mücadelede Karadeniz kıyısında donanma bulundurmuş, iç kesimlerde ise yolların güvenliğini sağlayıcı önlemler almıştır. Devlet, organize bir şekilde yapılan eşkıyalık faaliyetlerine karşı nizamı oluşturmaya çalışırken bölge halkından da destek almıştır. Huzursuzluğa sebep olan küçük gruplara ise mali cezalarla engel olunmuştur.
The XVI. At the end of the century, the Ottoman State was dominated by the Gulf of Caucasus and Georgia as a result of the 18th century. It was one of the fields of struggle between Russia and Iran in the century. After Russia captured the important castles of the Ottoman State, such as Faş, Anapa and Kemhal, on the Black Sea coast, Batum came to the forefront. Batum Sancağı, which serves as a set in the struggle with Russia for the Ottoman State, has become one of the most important border cities of the period with port, castle and constantly renewed transport network. The Ottoman State, XVIII. In the century, it was transporting all kinds of zahire and munitions from the ports of the Black Sea to the Caucasus by the path of Batum Sanctuary, which it had. However, the distance from the region to Istanbul brought a number of trouble in this sense. In fact, in Batum, which had not been fully dominated since the early periods in which it was conquered, there was an authority gap and the disadvantages of government officials. The existence of the steam element in the region, which is the route of ships carrying from the Black Sea scales to the Caucasus, was a major obstacle to this transportation. The Ottoman State, in order to eradicate this obstacle, XVIII. Thro
Batumi emerged as a significant town in the 16thcentury. The city was under the domination of the Ottoman Empire after the campaigns to Caucasus and Georgia. It became one of the ports of contention between Russia and Persia during the 18thcentury. Batumi came to the forefront and became a target after Russia captured some crucial strongholds of the Ottoman Empire on the shores of the Black Sea like Poti, Anapa and Kemhal. Serving as a barrier for the Ottoman Empire in its struggle with Russia, the Batumi Sanjak was one of the critical border cities of the time in military and political terms with its port, fortress, and its continually renewed transportation network. In the 18thcentury, the Ottoman Empire used to transport all kinds of cereals and ammunition from Black Sea ports to the Caucasus through the Batumi Sanjak. However, the region’s distance from Istanbul was resulting in some difficulties as well. As a matter of fact, there was an authority gap and incidents of negligence by state officials in Batumi, where complete domination could not be established since its conquest. In this region, which was on the route of the ships that carried cereals from Black Sea ports to the Caucuses, the presence of brigands was a significant hindrance for this transportation. To eliminate this obstruction, The Ottoman Empire occasionally had to make certain administrative concessions to the influential families of Batumi, which was a logistic supply centre and a place of military fortification during the 18thcentury. For fighting the brigands in the region, it also kept a fleet on the Black Sea shore and took some precautions for ensuring the safety of roads throughout the internal regions. In its efforts for maintaining order against organised brigandage activities, the Ottoman Empire also received support from the local community. Smaller groups causing disturbance were eventually stopped with a pecuniary pen.
Alan : Güzel Sanatlar; Mimarlık, Planlama ve Tasarım; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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