Özet:

Western states struggled continuously for economic and political dominance in various parts of Asia and Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries. In this struggle, they used many diplomatic, economic, military and ideological tools. Religion and education were added to these tools in the 19th century. Although Palestine did not provide any economic benefit for Russia, it played a very important role in the Ottoman-Russian-European relations in terms of religion, culture and politics. Starting from the second half of the 19th century, Russia, which wanted to increase its influence in the region, entered into a power struggle with Western states by establishing the Association of Palestine. Our article examines Russia's entry into the region, the establishment process of the Arz-ı Palestine Society, its educational initiatives, the reasons and results of its rivalry with Western missions, and in this context its relations with the Ottoman Empire. For our research, domestic and foreign literature, especially the Ottoman archives, was used. As a result of the information obtained, the activities of Russian schools were compared with the schools of western states such as England and France opened in the region, and the reasons and results of success / failure were revealed. The effects of the First World War and the 1917 Soviet Revolution on Russian schools in Syria and Palestine are discussed.

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