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Türkiye’nin kamu personel politikaları, çok sık değişen ve genellikle Türk siyasal hayatındaki darbeler, hükümet krizleri, ekonomik krizler gibi sorunlardan etkilenerek tepki politikaları olarak ortaya konulan, daha çok maliyeci bakış açısıyla üretilen, yerel dinamiklerden ziyade IMF, Dünya Bankası ve Avrupa Birliği gibi uluslararası ve ulus-üstü kuruluşların etkileri ile batılılaşma ekseninde oluşan politikalardır. Ayrıca mevzuat olarak kıta Avrupası’ndan ve konjonktürel olarak ABD ile İngiltere’den etkilenerek sürekli arayış içinde olan politikalar olduğunu da söylemek mümkündür. Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarından 1960’lara kadar süren bu arayış çabaları, yetişmiş eleman eksikliği, dünya savaşları, ekonomik sebepler nedeniyle amacına ulaşmamıştır. 1960 sonrası 657 sayılı Devlet Memurları Kanunu ve Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı ile kurumsallaşma yönünde politikalar izlenmiş, fakat beklenilen başarı elde edilememiştir. 1980 sonrası kamu personel politikalarında ise yeni kamu yönetim ekseninde değişim çabaları başlamış, 2000 sonrası uygulama yönünde önemli adımlar atılmış ama yine başarılı sonuçlar elde edilememiştir. Son olarak 2018 yılı itibari ile Türkiye’de Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sistemine geçilmesi ile birlikte bu arayış bugün için de farklı şekillerde devam etmektedir. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sisteminde Cumhurbaşkanlığı Makamı altında “İnsan Kaynakları Ofisi”, İdari İşler Başkanlığına bağlı “Personel ve Prensipler Genel Müdürlüğü” ve “Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı” kurulmuştur. Ayrıca Devlet Personel Başkanlığının 2019 Temmuz ayı itibari ile kapatılmasıyla birlikte yetki, görev ve sorumluluklarının çoğu Çalışma, Sosyal Hizmetler ve Aile Bakanlığına devredilecektir. Bu çalışma ile Türkiye’de Cumhuriyet tarihi boyunca üretilen kamu personel politikalarını gündeme gelmesi, formüle edilerek yasalaşması, uygulanması, geri bildirim ve denetim aşamaları kamu politikası analiz modellerinden birisi olan süreç modeli ile analiz edilmiştir. Böylece Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sistemine kadar olan dönemde kamu personel politikalarının oluşturulma, uygulama ve denetim süreci detaylıca ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sistemi çerçevesinde kurulan yeni yapıya ilişkin öneriler geliştirilmiştir.
Turkey’s public personnel policies are very often changing and often influenced by the political life of Turkey, government crises, economic crises, and other issues as reaction policies, more produced from a financial perspective, rather than local dynamics, the policies formed in the western axis with the influence of international and overseas organizations such as the IMF, the World Bank and the European Union. It is also possible to say that there are policies that are constantly in search of by influencing the continental Europe and the United States and the United Kingdom as a legislation. These efforts, which lasted from the early years of the Republic to the 1960s, have not reached their goal due to the lack of mature elements, world wars, and economic reasons. After 1960, the policy in the direction of corporationalization was followed by the State Officials Act No. 657 and the State Planning Organization, but the expected success was not achieved. In the public staff policy after 1980, the new public administration axis began to change efforts, significant steps were taken in the direction of implementation after 2000, but successfully results were not achieved. Finally, since 2018, with the transition of the presidency in Turkey to the government system, this search continues in different ways for today. Under the presidency office of the government system, the "Human Resources Office" was established, the "General Directorate of Personal and Principles" and the "Strategy and Budget Presidency" associated with the Presidency of Administrative Affairs. In addition, with the closure of the State Staff Presidency as of July 2019, most of its powers, duties and responsibilities will be transferred to the Ministry of Labor, Social Services and Family. With this study in Turkey throughout the history of the Republic, the public staff policies are scheduled, formulated, legalized, implemented, feedback and control stages are analyzed with the process model, which is one of the public policy analysis models. Thus, in the period of the Presidency to the Government System, the process of establishment, implementation and monitoring of public personnel policies has been detailed. In addition, proposals on the new structure established in the framework of the Presidential Government System have been developed.
Turkey's public personnel policies have often changed because of problems such as coups, government crises, economic crises in Turkish political life. For this reason, public personnel policies in Turkey are mostly produced from a financial perspective, rather than from local dynamics, but also from the effects of international and supranational institutions such as IMF, World Bank and the European Union. In addition, the legislation is continually seeking policies from continental Europe and conjuncturally influenced by the United States and the United Kingdom. From the early years of the Turkish Republic to the 1960s, these quest efforts hasn’t reached its goal due to the lack of trained staff, world wars and economic reasons. Following 1960, Policies were followed in the direction of institutionalization with state officials Law No. 657 and State Planning Organization but the expected policy success was not achieved. In the post-1980 period, public personnel policies have begun to change in the new public administration axis. After 2000, significant steps were taken in the direction of implementation but again no successful results were achieved. As year of 2018 with the transition to the Presidential System of Government in Turkey that quest still continues in different forms. "Human resources office “was established under the presidential authority in the Presidential government system. General Directorate of Personnel and principles and “Strategy and budget presidency was established under the head of Administrative Affairs. In addition, with the closure of the State Personnel presidency as of July 2019, most of its authority, duties and responsibilities will be transferred to the Ministry of Labour, Social Services and Family. In this study, public personnel policies produced throughout the history of the Republic of Turkey were analyzed by process model which is one of the models of Public Policy Analysis. Thus, in the period up to the presidential government system, the process of creating, implementing and supervising public personnel policies has been revealed in detail. In addition, proposals for the new structure have been developed established within the framework of the Presidential Government System.
Field : Filoloji; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sağlık Bilimleri; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri
Journal Type : Ulusal
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