Özet:

After the death of the Prophet Muhammad, the companions dispersed to the Islamic geography and took the knowledge of the Qur'an and Hadith with them wherever they went. One of the women whom Hazrat Aisha (d. 58/678) and Hazrat Ali (d. 40/661) met on these trips to Basra was Mu’aza al-Adawiyya (d. 83/702). Mu’aza was one of the hadith and fiqh scholars of the people of Basra, as well as one of the tâbiʿī women whose Sufi personality came to the fore. Mu’aza, who was married to Sıla b. Esyem (d. 62/681), one of the prominent men of Basra, draws the profile of a strong woman with her words after the martyrdom of her son and husband. It is known that Mu’aza had an all-female circle of scholars in Basra and taught hadith to male students as well. She was one of the rare women of the tâbiʿī period who was known for her knowledge and wisdom and was mentioned in books. It is understood that Mu’aza learned hadith from Hazrat Aisha and Hazrat Ali while they were in Basra, and her important questions, especially to Hazrat Aisha, were included in the corpus of hadith. In this article, Mu’aza’s life and narrations will be discussed. However, although she was one of the famous narrators, there is not much information about female narrators in the sources, so the information about her life is limited. Based on the assumption that the number of narrations of Mu’aza, whose fame transcended the ages, was high and that the family factor was effective in the narration of hadith, it was tried to determine from whom she received and transmitted hadith, the number of narrations in the Qutub al-Sitta, in which chapters the narrations were narrated, and which topics they dealt with. On this occasion, it is aimed to reveal the information that has remained between the lines and to understand the contributions of Mu'aza al-Adawiyya to the science of hadith. In this qualitative study, the data obtained from the literature review were subjected to content analysis and evaluated. The method of istikrâ (induction, induction) was used in the evaluation of the narrations. In order to make a judgment about the hadith’s senad, nakdu’s-sened (critical analytical method) was taken as a basis in examining the rical of the senad. Frequency analysis was used to evaluate the data obtained. Since the narrations of Mu’aza would exceed the limits of this article, the study was limited to the Qutub al-Sitta. In order to identify duplicate hadiths and conduct textual analysis, the narrations were classified according to their subjects. When there is more than one narration in the classified section, the senedi and text of one hadith is written in the main text and its translation is included and the other narrations are shown in footnotes. The narrations classified according to their subjects are shown with a diagram and differences in wording are pointed out. Then, information about the narrators in the chain of the senad is given, and after each senad, the result obtained about the authenticity of that senad is stated. For the textual analysis, commentaries and fiqh books are consulted and evaluated.

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