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  Citation Number 15
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1961 ANAYASASINDA İFADE ÖZGÜRLÜĞÜ
2012
Journal:  
Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences
Author:  
Abstract:

Türkiye'de 1946 yılında çok partili hayata geçilmiş, 1950 yılında yapılan genel seçimler ile 10 yıl kesintisiz sürecek olan Demokrat Parti iktidarı dönemi başlamıştır. Demokrat Parti'nin özellikle ilk iktidar döneminde önemli gelişmeler sağlanmış olsa da sonraki dönemlerde yaşanan ekonomik sıkıntılar, æsiyasi ve toplumsal gerginlikler ülkede karışıklığa neden olmuştur. Artan muhalif seslere karşı iktidarın aldığı sert tedbirler de demokratik hak ve özgürlüklerin kullanılabilmesine kısıtlamalar getirmiştir. 27 Mayıs 1960'ta askeri cuntanın yönetime el koyması sonrasında kabul edilen 1961 Anayasasıyla temel hak ve özgürlükler güvence altına alınmış, söz konusu hak ve özgürlüklerin kısıtlanma koşulları da anayasayla düzenlenmiştir. Temel hak ve özgürlüklere anayasal güvence sağlanması, söz konusu hak ve özgürlüklerin keyfi uygulamalarla kısıtlanmasını engellemesi açısından da önemlidir. Bu çalışma ile amaçlanan 1950-1960 yılları arasında ülkemizde yaşanan gelişmelerin bir neticesi olan ve ülkedeki demokratik düzenin yeniden sağlanması iddiasıyla gerçekleştirilen askerî müdahalenin bir sonucu olarak hazırlanan 1961 Anayasasının demokrasilerin vazgeçilmez şartı olan ifade özgürlüğü bağlamında, dönemin koşulları da göz önünde bulundurularak incelenmesidir. Anahtar kelimeler: Demokrat Parti, 1961 Anayasası, İfade Özgürlüğü. FREEDOM OF SPEECH IN THE 1961 CONSTITUTION ABSTRACT In Turkey, the multi-party system began in 1946 and the government of the Democrat Party, which lasted for 10 successive years, came to power after 1950 general elections. Especially during the first years of Democrat Party government, significant progresses were made in the country, but subsequent economic, political and social turmoil and tensions led the country to disorder and instability. The harsh measures imposed by the government to silence down the ever-increasing protests also curtailed the use of democratic rights and freedoms. There was a military coup on May 27th, 1960. The new 1961 Constitution enacted aftermath of the military takeover aimed to guarantee the fundamental rights and freedoms. The 1961 Constitution also defined and regulated those circumstances under which such rights and freedoms could be exercised and restricted. Provision of such constitutional assurances for fundamental rights and freedoms was also important for prevention of arbitrary restrictions being imposed on those rights and freedoms. The 1961 Constitution was an outcome of the military intervention which itself was triggered by the developments in the country between 1950 and 1960, and claimed to reinstate democratic order in the country. The purpose of this study is to analyze the 1961 Constitution, given circumstances of the period, in relation to the concept of freedom of speech considered to be an indispensable prerequisite for any democracy. Key words: Democrat Party, 1961 Constitution, Freedom of Speech.

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2012
Author:  
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Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences

Field :   Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler

Journal Type :   Uluslararası

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Article : 410
Cite : 2.064
Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences