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Eskişehir Ziraat Bankası Binası, Giulio Mongeri’nin (1873-1951) Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nde Anadolu’da tasarladığı şubeler arasındadır. Kent kimliğinin simge yapılarından olup Birinci Ulusal Mimarlık olarak adlandırılan dönemin özelliklerini taşımaktadır. Ziraat Bankası’nın (kuruluş 1888), Eskişehir’de bir şube açmak için arazi tahsisi talebi 1906-1907’deki yazışmalardan izlenebilmektedir. Binanın yapımına 1928 yılında başlanabilmiş, açılışı Cumhuriyet’in kuruluşunun yedinci yıl dönümünde 29 Ekim 1930’da gerçekleşmiştir. 1978 yılında bu bina yıkılmak istenmiş, 1979 yılında, 1930 yılı öncesine ait Cumhuriyet Dönemi Yapısı olması nedeniyle Korunması Gerekli Taşınmaz Kültür Varlığı olarak tescillenmiştir. 2005’te Koruma Grubu I (bir) kategorisine alınmıştır. Zaman içinde çeşitli müdahaleler geçirmiştir ancak öncesinde restitüsyon araştırması yapılmaması nedeniyle değişikliklerin izlenmesi zorlaşmaktadır. Çalışma, arşivlerden derlenen belgeler, çizimler, eski fotoğraflar vb. ışığında yapıdaki değişimlerin izini sürerek ve diğer yapılarla karşılaştırarak özgün mimari ve sanatsal öğeleri ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Mongeri’nin Ziraat Bankası Eskişehir Şube Binası’nda, akımın özelliklerini yansıttığı tasarım unsurları ve dönem içindeki değeri irdelenmektedir. Bulgular, Mongeri’nin akımın özelliklerini cephe düzenlemesinde, giriş ve müşteri holü iç mekân tasarımında, Bursa kemeri, mukarnas, hatayi, rumi vb. Selçuklu-Osmanlı unsurlarını da kullanarak günümüze kadar yansıttığını göstermektedir. Giriş kapısındaki değişiklik, özgün mobilyaların günümüze ulaşamaması, iç mekânda kapı yapılması, teknoloji bağlantılı değişiklikler gibi nedenlerle bütüncül değeri azalsa da, yapı Birinci Ulusal Mimarlık akımı özelliklerini korumaktadır.
The Eskişehir Ziraat Bank Building is among the branches designed by Giulio Mongeri (1873-1951) in the Early Republic Period in Anadolu. It is one of the symbolic structures of the city identity and carries the characteristics of the period called the First National Architecture. Ziraat Bank (founded in 1888), the request for land allocation to open a branch in Eskişehir can be followed by the letters in 1906-1907. The building was built in 1928 and opened on October 29, 1930 on the seventh anniversary of the Republic's establishment. In 1978, this building was intended to be destroyed, and in 1979, it was registered as the necessary immovable cultural existence to be protected because it was a Republican period structure belonging to the 1930s. In 2005 it was classified as the Protection Group I (a). It has been through various interventions over time, but it becomes difficult to track the changes due to the lack of previous restoration research. Work, documents collected from archives, drawings, old photos, etc. It aims to show original architectural and artistic elements by tracing the changes in the structure in its light and comparing it to other structures. In the Ziraat Bank of Mongeri’s Eskişehir Branch Building, the design elements that reflect the characteristics of the stream and the value within the period are reflected. The findings, the characteristics of Mongeri's flow in front arrangement, in the entrance and customer hall interior design, Bursa belt, mucarnas, error, rumi, etc. It also shows that it has been used to reflect its Selchuklu-Osman elements until today. Though the change in the entrance door, the failure of original furniture to reach the present day, the building of the door in the interior, the change in technology-related causes reduce its integrated value, the structure preserves the characteristics of the First National Architecture Stream.
Eskişehir Ziraat Bank Building is one of the branch buildings which was designed by Giulio Mongeri (1873-1951) in Anatolia during the Early Republican Period. The building's design has features of the First National Architectural Movement and it is one of the symbol buildings of urban identity. According to correspondence from 1906 and 1907, Ziraat Bank (established in 1888) requested land for the new branch building in Eskişehir. Construction started in 1928, and the building was opened on the seventh anniversary of the Republic's establishment on 29th October 1930. In 1978, the company requested to demolish the building. In 1979 it was registered as Immovable Cultural Property to be Protected since it belongs to the pre-1930 Republic Era. In 2005, it was designated as Protection Category I (one). The building underwent various interventions during the time However, it is hard to follow these because of the lack of any restitution project. The study aims to reveal the original architectural and artistic elements of the building by tracing the changes in the structure and comparing it with other buildings, according to documents, reports, drawings, and photographs received from archives. In this study we evaluate the elements of Mongeri's Eskişehir Ziraat Bank Building's design that reflect the movement's features and we also consider the place it held in its era. The results of our study show that Mongeri used the features of this movement in the arrangements of the facades, and also in the entrance and customer hall using Ottoman elements such as Bursa arches, muqarnas, hatayi, and so on, and all these elements can be seen today. Although the building's holistic value has been reduced because of changes in the entrance door as well as the non-existence of original furniture, the addition of a new interior door, and modifications related to technological improvements, the building still has the characteristics of the First National Architecture Movement.
Alan : Güzel Sanatlar; Mimarlık, Planlama ve Tasarım
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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