Özet:

Ankara, a city that has been the scene of interaction of different cultures for centuries, has hosted many civilizations, has been the center of national struggle during the Liberation War, and after becoming the capital in the process of transition from the empire in the multinational structure to the nation-state; but it has hosted different cultural changes that develop parallel to this change. In this study, the cultural policies made during the early Republic period between the 1930s and the 1940s have been studied through social and political transformations and the changes in the establishment stage of the art and in particular the Anadolu Civilizations Museum and the effects of these changes on the museum. In the Ottoman Ankara, how the structure functioning as Mahmut Paşa Bedesteni is transformed into a museum in the progressive process and the works of the ancient cultures of Anatolia displayed in the museum are related to the aesthetic concern of the Hittite works, in the process of the nation state construction, a comment on the legitimating effect of the national identity in the Anatolian geography has been made. In this article, along with the announcement of the Republic, the cultural reform initiated under the leadership of Gazi Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and the ethic-sumer culture thesis that was interested in that period and the applicability of the solar language theory ideas and the impact of these ideas on the Museum of Anadolu Civilizations were attempted to establish a link. In terms of the accessibility of the museum, its relationship with the environment and its importance in Ankara history, the Turkish modernization, the “big”, “small” social phenomenon and the cultural transportation and the artistic-recipient relationship have been sought to be put into a conclusion.

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